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According to a bibliography written by ibn al-Nadim, Khalid ibn Yazid was the first Muslim alchemist. He wrote The Book of Pearls And a lot of other books relating to chemistry and alchemy
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Al Sadiq, Jabir's teacher, was also a scientist who observed that materials that are solid and repellent are more or less transparent. He also stated that opaque objects absorb heat.
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Jabir ibn Hayyan, who some people consider as the father of chemistry, created the experimental method
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Al-Kindi was the first to refute the study of traditional alchemy and the theory of the transmutation of metals into more precious metals such as gold or silver.
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Zakariya Razi during the Ummayad was able to mix some substances to receive other substance like gold only by mixing tin
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Al-Farabi wrote: The Necessity of the Art of the Elixir
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Ibn Sīnā utilized steam distillation to make oils like rose essence which he used as aromatherapy treatments for heart conditions.
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Nasir al-Din al-Tusi contributed to the field of chemistry, stating an early law of conservation of mass.
