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The Cambrian period, part of the Paleozoic era, produced the most intense burst of evolution ever known. The Cambrian Explosion saw an incredible diversity of life emerge, including many major animal groups alive today. Among them were the chordates, to which vertebrates (animals with backbones) such as humans belong.
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During this period, the area north of the tropics was almost entirely ocean, and most of the world's land was collected into the southern supercontinent Gondwana.
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It was the third period in the Paleozoic Era. It followed the Ordovician Period and preceded the Devonian Period.
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The Devonian Period occurred from 416 million to 358 million years ago. It was the fourth period of the Paleozoic Era. It was preceded by the Silurian Period and followed by the Carboniferous Period.
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is famous for its vast swamp forests, such as the one depicted here. Such swamps produced the coal from which the term Carboniferous, or "carbon-bearing," is derived. The Carboniferous Period lasted from about 359.2 to 299 million years ago* during the late Paleozoic Era.
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The Triassic Period was the first period of the Mesozoic Era and occurred between 251 million and 199 million years ago. It followed the great mass extinction at the end of the Permian Period and was a time when life outside of the oceans began to diversify.
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he Permian period, which ended in the largest mass extinction the Earth has ever known, began about 299 million years ago. The emerging supercontinent of Pangaea presented severe extremes of climate and environment due to its vast size.
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The Jurassic Period was the second segment of the Mesozoic Era. It occurred from 199.6 to 145.5 million years ago, following the Triassic Period and preceding the Cretaceous Period. During the Jurassic Period, the supercontinent Pangaea split apart.
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Cretaceous Period, in geologic time, the last of the three periods of the Mesozoic Era. The Cretaceous began 145.0 million years ago and ended 66 million years ago; it followed the Jurassic Period and was succeeded by the Paleogene Period (the first of the two periods into which the Tertiary Period was divided).
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Tertiary The first period of the Cenozoic Era, which began 65 Ma ago and lasted approximately 63.2 Ma. The Tertiary followed the Cretaceous and comprises 5 epochs: Palaeocene; Eocene; Oligocene; Miocene; and Pliocene. Angiosperms superseded the gymnosperms as the dominant plants.
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Quaternary Most recent period of the Cenozoic era, beginning c.2 million years ago and extending to the present. It is divided into the Pleistocene epoch, characterized by a periodic succession of great Ice Ages, and the Holocene epoch, which started some 10,000 years ago.
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