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Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (also known as the Islamic Revolution or the 1979 Revolution; refers to events involving the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty under Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, who was supported by the United States and its eventual replacement with an Islamic republic under the Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the revolution, supported by various leftist and Islamist organizations and Iranian student movements. -
A referendum passed which made Iran an Islamic republic.
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran was adopted by referendum on 2 and 3 December 1979, and went into force replacing the Constitution of 1905. It was amended on 28 July 1989. The constitution has been called a "hybrid" of "theocratic and democratic elements". While articles One and Two vest sovereignty in God, article six "mandates popular elections for the presidency and the Majlis, or parliament. -
Iran–Iraq War
The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq lasting from September 1980 to August 1988. It began when Iraq invaded Iran on 22 September 1980. It followed a long history of border disputes, and was motivated by fears that the Iranian Revolution in 1979 would inspire insurgency among Iraq's long-suppressed Shi'i majority, as well as Iraq's desire to replace Iran as the dominant Persian Gulf state. -
The Iran–Iraq War ends
The war finally ended with United Nations Security Council Resolution 598, a U.N.-brokered ceasefire which was accepted by both sides. At the war's conclusion, it took several weeks for the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran to evacuate Iraqi territory to honour pre-war international borders set by the 1975 Algiers Agreement. The last prisoners of war were exchanged in 2003. -
Iranian presidential election, 2001
Iranian presidential election of 2001 took place on 8 June 2001, and resulted in Mohammad Khatami being elected as the President of Iran for his second term. -
Iranian presidential election, 2005
Iran's ninth presidential election took place in two rounds, the first on 17 June 2005, the run-off on 24 June. Mohammad Khatami, the previous President of Iran, stepped down on 2 August 2005, after serving his maximum two consecutive four-year terms according to the Islamic Republic's constitution. The election led to the victory of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, the mayor of Tehran, with 19.48% of the votes in the first round and 61.69% in the second. -
Iranian presidential election - Protests
Iran's tenth presidential election was held on 12 June 2009, with incumbent Mahmoud Ahmadinejad running against three challengers. The next morning the Islamic Republic News Agency, Iran's official news agency, announced that with two-thirds of the votes counted, Ahmadinejad had won the election with 62% of the votes cast, and that Mir-Hossein Mousavi had received 34% of the votes cast. -
2009–10 Iranian election protests
The election results caused protests of millions of Iranians, across every Iranian city and around the world and the emergence of the opposition Iranian Green Movement. Many Iranian figures directly supported the protests and declared the votes were fraudulent. The protests began the night of 12 June 2009, following the announcement that incumbent President Ahmadinejad had won. However, all three opposition candidates claimed that the votes were manipulated and lodged official complaints.
