-
The Early Years
1801-1835 Federalist- Chief Justice John Marshall headed the Supreme Court. Marshall was a big advocate for a strong central government.The Marshall Court decided on two historic cases McCullloch v Maryland and Gibbons v Ogden. These cases defined the boundaries between federal and state power.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 pg 84.) -
The Early Years
McCulloch v Maryland (1819) Began when the state of Maryland imposed a tax on the Second Bank's Baltimore branch. The branch cashier James W. McCulloch refused to pay the tax. Maryland sued McCulloch in state court and won.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 pg 84.) -
The Early Years
Gibbons V Ogden (1824) Aaron Ogden was licensed to operate ferryboats between New York and New Jersey by Fulton and Livingston. Thomas Gibbons obtained his license from the U.S government to operate boats in interstate waters and decided to compete with Ogden. Gibbons did not receive permission from New York and was sued by Ogden. New York state courts prohibited Gibbons from operating in New York waters. However Gibbons appealed to the Supreme Court.
( pg 85.) -
State Rights and Civil War
During John Marshall's leadership of the Supreme Court. He increased the power of the national government and reduced power within the states. However during the Jacksonian era (1829-1837) the rights of the states slowly began to shift back.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 pg 86.) -
State Rights and Civil War
The cause of the Civil war began when the North and the South were divided over tariffs that mainly benefited the northern industries and the anti-slavery decree. The 4 year war ended in 1865 when the south was defeated. The civil war had a direct effect on the increase in the government's political power.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 pg 87.) -
The 16th Amendment
"The 16th Amendment gives congress the power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived without apportionment among the states, and without regard to any census or enumeration". This is an increase shift in power from states to Federal power. Allowing the government to collect more money from the states.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 pg 89.) -
The New Deal
The "New Deal" was created by President Roosevelt with the purpose of providing Americans with antipoverty relief. The "New Deal also included new laws regulating economic activity. The National Recovery Act of 1933 which established National recovery Administration (NRA) in order to restrict competition and regulate labor relations it provided codes for every industry.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 pg 89.) -
Civil Rights Movement
Under the leadership of President Lyndon B. Johnson a series of civil rights acts forced states to grant African Americans equal rights under the law.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 (pg 94.) -
United States v Lopez
The Supreme Court ruled that Congress had exceeded its constitutional authority under the Commerce Clause when it passed a law prohibiting gun possession in local school zones.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 pg 97.) -
Affordable Care Act
ACA is a United States federal statute enacted by President Barack Obama. The government believes that heath care falls under the heading of commerce. Opponents believe that requiring people to buy a product or service is unprecedented and allows Congress to impede on individual freedom.
(American Government and Politics 2015-16 pg 97.)
