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Quing Dynasty
Manchus was at the height of its power. A little over a century later, however, humiliated and harassed by the Western powers, the Qing dynasty collapsed. -
Nanjing
The rebels seized Nanjing, the second largest city of the empire, and massacred 25,000 men, women, and children. The revolt continued for 10 more years but gradually began to fall apart. Euro- peans came to the aid of the Qing dynasty when they realized the destructive nature of the Tai Ping forces. -
U.S. consul Townsend
U.S. consul Townsend Harris signed a more detailed treaty. It called for the opening of several new ports to U.S. trade and residence, as well as an exchange of ministers. Similar treaties were soon signed by Japan and several European nations. -
Sat-Cho Alliance
The Sat-Cho alliance (from Satsuma-Choshu) forced the shogun to promise to end relations with the West. -
Shogun’s palace Attack
Their armies attacked the shogun’s palace in Kyoto and proclaimed that the authority of the emperor had been restored. After a few weeks, the shogun’s forces collapsed, ending the shogunate system. -
Tokyo School of Fine Arts
The Tokyo School of Fine Arts was established to pro- mote traditional Japanese art. Japanese artists searched for a new but truly Japanese means of expression. Some artists tried to bring together native and foreign techniques. Others returned to past artistic traditions for inspiration. -
Ba Jin
Ba Jin was well attuned to the rigors and expected obedience of Chinese family life. In his trilogy, Family, Spring, and Autumn, he describes the distintegration of tradi- tional Confucian ways as the younger members of a large family attempt to break away from their elders. -
Tokyo, Sun
At a convention in Tokyo, Sun united radical groups from across China and formed the Revolutionary Alliance, which eventually became the Nationalist Party. The new organization advocated Sun’s Three People’s Principles, which promoted nationalism, democracy, and the right for people to pursue their own livelihoods. Although the new organization was small, it benefited from the rising discontent generated by the Qing dynasty’s failure to improve conditions in China. -
Japan
Japan annexed Korea outright. -
President Theodore Roosevelt
President Theodore Roosevelt made a “gentlemen’s agreement” with Japan that essentially stopped Japanese immigration to the United States.
