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-Began in Flourence Italy
-Renaissance= rebirth
-Age of Recovery from the Black Death and economic recession.
-Sparked the birth of humanism: learning many different subjects to become a well rounded individual.
-Petrarch: father of Renaissance humanism -
-Renaissance encouraged people to analyze and evaluate their lives.
-People questioned beliefs.
-Things began to stir and eventually led to the Protestant Reformation. -
-Were accused of corruption.
-Sixtus IV: nepotism (favored friends and relatives and gave them high paying jobs)
-Alexander VI: had illegitimate children
-Julius II: known as the warrior pope
-Leo X: used indulgences
-All of these popes lived extravagantly, often putting his needs before those of the Church. -
-The Vatican commisioned many art projects.
-The 3 masters of the Neoplatonic era were Raphael, Da Vinci, and Michelangelo.
-Neoplatonism=using Plato's works and philosophy.
-Artists primary goal was to imitate nature. -
-Didn't want the pope to have power.
-Believed Christ alone was the head of the Church.
-Thought Catholics should follow the Bible only. -
-Called for the poverty and simplicity shown in the Bible.
-Executed at the Council of Constance. -
-One of the first people to use harmonies and melodies of the Renaissance.
-Created and changed music at masses. -
-Most famous for rebuilding St. Peter's Basilica.
-Made a large dome that made up a beautiful place of worship. -
-Artist, architect, inventor, scholar.
-Most famous works: Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
-Last Supper: created in 1498. Shows Jesus' last meal.
-One of the most reproduced works of all time. -
-Wanted reform in Florence, Italy.
-Criticized the pope for immorality.
-Killed because he was a heretic. -
-The printing press was created by Johannes Gutenberg.
-First book of the West was the Gutenberg Bible.
-Helped spread ideas of Renaissance -
-Pieta: sculpture of Mary holding Jesus after crucifixion. Created with one solid block of marble.
-David: one of the most renowned works of Renaissance. In Florence, it was symbolic. The city could fend off any "Goliaths" in its path.
-Created the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel which contains over 300 figures.
-Created Tomb of Julius II. -
-Created many religious works.
-Most famous works: St. George and the Dragon, Sistine Madonna, and The Transfiguration. -
Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More worked to improve society. They used the faith to help the everyday person.
