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Andrew Carnegie
He was a Scottish-American business owner of the Carnegie Steel Company iand he used vertical integration to maintain dominance in the market. -
John D Rockefeller
John D. Rockefeller and his Standard Oil Company was the biggest name in the oil industry. Rockefeller used horizontal integration. He bought out all the other oil companies so he had no competition. He started one of the first monopolies. -
Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny was the belief that God had alotted the land to Anglos and they believed it was their duty and destiny to settle the land and tame it. -
Bessemer Process
The Bessemer Process was the first inexpensive way to have mass production of steel. It's named after Henry Bessemer, the inventor. It was the process in which impurities are removed from pig iron by oxidation. This lead to new inventions later on. -
Growth of Railroads
The growth of railroads facilitated the growth of cities. It also made transporting goods easier and was a means for transportation. -
The Homestead Act
The Homestead Act resulted in people settling the West and a massive expansion of the United States. It was an act signed in 1862 that required a $10 fee and you recieved 160-acre tract of land and as long as you improve it over 5 years you get to settle that land. -
Settlement of the West
Manifest destiny lead to the settlement of the West. Settling the Wesr had many things to offer such as economic opportunity, freedom, adventure, spreading Christianity, and escaping brutality and oppression. -
Boss Tweed in the Gilded Age
William Tweed was often referred to as Boss Tweed. He lead a corrupt group of politicians who gained power in the Democratic party in 1863, He was elected “Grand Sachem” of Tammany Hall in 1786 and The society grew more political in 19 century. He increased his power by rewarding his supporters. -
Federal Indian Policy
The federal indian policy contains several eras during which the US government changed the way they dealt with indians and their tribes. -
Barbed Wire
In the 19th century as the American frontier moved west common fence materials became expensive. This lead to the invention of barbed wire. It was invented Illinois in 1873 by Joseph F. Glidden -
Vertical/ Horizontal Integration
Horizontal Integration is when a business expands its control over other closely related businesses.
Vertical Integration is when a business expands its control over other business that are part of its overall manufacturing process. -
Politcal Machines/ Political Corruption
Political Machines was an informal political group designed to gain and keep power in urban areas. They gave the people what the city government could not in order to gain public support.
Political corruption was prevalent such as bribing, awarding contracts based on favoritism rather than bidding ,and accepting bribes from merchants on Indian lands. -
Labor Unions
After 1877 people began forming labor unions. It is workers in a profession that form together to protect their rights as workers. They learned that if they had stronger unions they had a chance against the US government. -
Immigration
From 1880 to 1920 the United States witnessed a massive never before seen tide of immigration. Many people were attracted by the promise of freedom and opportunity the United States had to offer causing thousands of people to immigrate. -
Americanization
Americanization is to make American in style, culture or character. -
Nativism
Nativism is anti-foreign sentiment. It is anyone that is against immigration and foreigners because they aren't American. -
Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism is survival of the fittest.
The belief that the strong survived and the weak died.Any effort to help one another, or a different ethnic groups to interact, messed up the natural order of things. -
Eugenics
The desire to improve the hereditary qualities of the human population through selective breeding to eleminate those that are unfit. -
Trusts and Anti-Trusts
Trust is a way to get around laws prohibiting monopolies.
Anti-trust is intended to regulate monopolies such as trusts especially in the area promoting competition. -
Haymarket Riot
This riot was between police and labor protesters in Chicago in Haymarket Square. It was a protesting strike where a bomb was thrown killing policemen and injuring 60 others. -
Assimiliation
Assimilation is when a minority group adopts the customs, attitudes, or beliefs of the dominant culture. In the case of the Native Americans they were forced to assimilate and adopt American beliefs. -
The Dawes Act
The Dawes Act was a law that intended to turn Native Americans into farmers and wean them from their typical nomadic life. They were given 160 acres of land if they would give up their tribal land ownership. This resulted in in conflict between Natives and Anglos. It also broke up tribal communities. -
Urbanization and Industrialization
Urbanization happens when p towns and cities are formed and become larger as more and more people begin living and working. Industrialization is when the cities begin to be overcrowded and leads to poor sanitation, bad working conditions, and child labor. A positive aspect is that the US starts becoming wealthy. -
Battle of Wounded Knee
It was a battle that occurred when Chief Big Foot and the Sioux resisted settlement and fled to Montana. The US brought them back to be detained. This was a battle during which 300 natives were massacred by US soldiers in a village near south west South Dakota. This was the last battle of the American Indian Wars. -
Eugene V Debbs
In 1893 he organized and was the president of the American Railway Union. In 1894 he told members of the union to refuse to handle Pullman cars. He was put in jail because he ignored an order from the court for the union to stop the Pullman strike. -
Teddy Roosevelt
Teddy Roosevelt was president from 1901 to 1909. He was the 26th president of the United States. He is known for his accomplishments during the Progressive Movement. He also signed the Food and Drug act. -
Upton Sinclair and The Factory System
The factory system was during the 1890's and it was the move to the use of machinery. It lead to a steady production nd supply of goods. Upton Sinclaire wrote a book called The Jungle and he was an American that exposed working conditions in factories and this lead to investigation of the food and work place. -
The Fod and Drug Act
The Food and Drug Act was signed by President Roosevelt and this law lead to the regulation of food and drugs to prevent the manufacturers from selling their products and being able to put anything they want in their product. -
Assembly Line/ New Inventions/ Invention of Automobile
The assembly line was a contribution made by a man named Henry Ford. It impacted the lives of many by allowing mass produtcion to be accomplished and lead to new inventions such as the automobile. He built his first automobile in 1896. and in 1903 opened the Ford Motor Company. -
The American Dream
The American Dream is an American ideal of a happy and successful life that is possible for every individual to achieve. This is one of the reasons many people come to America. They want the chance to attain the American Dream.
