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Colonial Period
Colonists coming from Europe to settle in the New World found Native Americans leading very active existence. Colonial settlers came to America for many reasons. Some came for religious freedom. Some came to make money -
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National Period
During the national period, interest in education grew, and more schools were established for both females and males. The growth of female private schools. Charles Follen (1796-184based on the German systems, for students at Harvard University. Catharine Beecher (1800-1878) was the director of the Hartford Female Seminary in Connecticut, an institution of higher education for young women. She developed and implemented a program of physical education within the educational curriculum -
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Civil War Period through 1900
In 1860 Dioclesian Lewis (1823-1886) developed the LEwis system "light" gymnastics and introduced it to men, women, and children living in Boston. Lewis established the Normal Institute for Physical Education. Edward Hitchcock (1828-1911) and Dudley Sargent (1849-1924) both whom were physicians were central figures in the development of college physical education programs. -
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Early Twentieth Century
The early twentieth marked a significant period of growth and development for both physical education and sport. Sport became increasingly organized during this time and grew tremendously in popularity. Thomas Deninson Wood(1864-1951) who advocated the development of a new program of physical education that would enhance the development of the whole individual through participation in play, games sports, and outdoor activities.which late became known as the 'new physical education. -
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World War I
World War I started in 1914, and the United States entry in1918 had a critical impact on the nation and education. The Selective Service Act of 1917 called to service all men between the ages of 18 and 25. During World War I many physical educators such as Dudley Sargent, Luther Gulick, and R. Trait Mckenzie, contributed their services to the armed forces. Women physical educators were also active in conditioning programs in communities and industries at home. -
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Golden Twenties
The "new physical education" began to take shape during this period, influenced by the leading. Jesse F. Williams (1886- 1966) also advocated "educated through the physical" In 1927 Williams Published The Principles of Physical Education. -
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Depression Years
The 1929 stock market crash ushered in the Great Depression, which affected education. Unemployment and poverty reigned. Health and physical education had a difficult time surviving in many communities. -
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Mid-Twentieth Century
During the middle of the twentieth century, physical education and sport programs grew, in part, due to World War II. Selective Service examinations of drafted men indicated that they were not in sound condition. Another significant event occurred in the December 1953 when Journal of Health Physical Education and Recreation published an article entitled "Muscular Fitness and Health'