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Sand Creek massacre
In November of 1864 400 natives were massacred who had been told they had immunity from the United States Government. This includes women and children who were scalped and shot point blank. In response to this in 1866, 81 soldiers and civilians were brutally massacred. -
13th Amendment
Congress passed the 13th amendment On January 31, 1865. The amendment legally abolished slavery "except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted." The second section of the amendment granted Congress the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. -
The assassination of Abraham Lincoln and Johnson As president
John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln on April 14, 1865, during a performance of Our American Cousin at Ford’s Theater. The assassination of Abraham Lincoln propelled Vice President Andrew Johnson into the executive office in April 1865. Johnson offered southern states a quick restoration into the Union.His Reconstruction plan required provisional southern governments to void their ordinances of secession, repudiate their Confederate debts, and ratify the Thirteenth Amendment. -
Eleventh National Women's rights convention
On May 10, 1866, just one year after the war, the Eleventh National Women’s Rights Convention met in New York City to discuss what many agreed was an extraordinary moment, full of promise for fundamental social change. “Now in the reconstruction,” Stanton declared, “is the opportunity, perhaps for the century, to base our government on the broad principle of equal rights for all.” -
1868 Election
Republican nominee Ulysses S. Grant defeated Democrat Horatio Seymour. Grant dominated the electoral collage and won majority on black votes cast. Grants political abilities were questioned, people were asking if he is just a famous general.Republicans stood for peace and unity while democrats stood for fighting against the peace. -
Panic of 1873
Global depression that had a 6 year economic downturn. Money printed in the Civil war led to an increase in production due to people assuming the high availability to funds would last. Jay cooke company fails in 1873 which handled most of the government war loans. High invested in railroads but failed to pay debts. No one knew the true value of goods and could only perdition success. The NY stock exchanged closed for 10 days and 15000 businesses went bankrupt with double digit unemployment. -
Dawes Act
Named After Senator Henry Dawes of Ma. Allowed Federal government to break up reservations into smaller areas for specific people. The goal was to break up the tribes. -
Hull house
As founded by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr, the main purpose of Hull House was to provide social and educational opportunities for working class people within the urban Chicago neighborhood, many of whom were recent immigrants to Chicago's Near West Side. -
Populist Party
Early 1890s the populist party was formed. The populist party attacked wall street, called to nationalize the railroads, telephones, and telegraph. They also called for graduated income tax, secret ballots, 1 term presidents and Free and unlimited coinage of silver. The populist party also appealed to farmers because they wanted to provide farmers with loans to house crops in federally owned warehouses. -
How the other half lives
Pictorial essay by Jacob Riis published in 1890. Jacob went around taking pictures of immigrants displaying what life really is like in America at this time. The pictures show how the streets are not made of gold and displays the realities of what really happens in America. -
Panic of 1893
Major railroad struggled, sparking nearly 4 million to be unemployed. President Cleveland did nothing, expected this was normal boom, bust business cycle. People pulled out of stock market which led to lack of European financial backing. Gold reserve falls under $100 million, leading people to question gov’t and economy. -
Panic of 1893
Over a four year span land and labor debates as well as farmers caused an economic downturn. Farmers faced droughts railroads were overbuilt and there was a overuse of silver.The president didn't help because he believed it was a part of the boom or busy cycle and if he did it would weaken the country. The gold reserve began to weaken as well falling under 100 million which brought a lot of concern. The Sherman act was repealed which allowed people to trade in there silver for gold. -
Boxer Rebellion
Boxer Rebellion, officially supported peasant uprising of 1900 that attempted to drive all foreigners from China. “Boxers” was a name that foreigners gave to a Chinese secret society known as the Yihequan. The group practiced certain boxing and calisthenic rituals in the belief that this made them invulnerable. Their original aim was the destruction of the dynasty and also of the Westerners who had a privileged position in China. -
Nation axing a saloon
Carrie A. Nation believed she worked God’s will, won headlines for destroying saloons. In Wichita, Kansas, Nation took a hatchet and broke bottles and bars at the luxurious Carey Hotel. She was arrested and charged with causing $3,000 in damages, Nation spent a month in jail before the county dismissed the charges on account of “a delusion to such an extent as to be practically irresponsible.” But Nation’s “hatchetation” drew national attention. -
Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. served as the 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909. He was president during much of the progressive era and had a lot to do with the country during this time. As a leader of the Progressive movement, promising the average citizen fairness, breaking of trusts, regulation of railroads, and pure food and drugs. Making conservation a top priority, he established many new national parks, forests, and monuments intended to preserve the nation's natural resources -
Platt amendment
Was Passed in 1903. Cuba can not enter into a treaty with another country that may impact independence. They could Stay out of debt and the U.S can intervene in Cuba if they feel independence is being threatened.Everything passed by U.S during control of Cuba shall stay.Keep Cuba clean to prevent disease. Cuba will sell or lease land to U.S for naval purposes. -
Triangle shirtwaist fire
The Triangle Shirtwaist Company factory in New York City burned, killing 145 workers. It is remembered as one of the most infamous incidents in American industrial history, as the deaths were largely preventable most of the victims died as a result of neglected safety features and locked doors within the factory building. The tragedy brought widespread attention to the dangerous sweatshop conditions of factories, and led to the development of a series of laws and regulations. -
Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914
The Clayton Antitrust Act was amended by U.S. Congress in 1914 that provides further clarification and substance to the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. The Act focuses on topics such as price discrimination, price fixing, and unfair business practices. -
Tampico incident
7 sailors arrested for being in off limit areas. The sailors were released, but America asked for a formal apology and 21-gun salute Wilson went to Congress for Armed intervention. Huerta was overthrown and replaced by Carranza, a man that Wilson had traded arms with. Carranza was offended by Wilson’s threat. Tensions died down until Pancho Villa emerged as a threat to Carranza. He challenged Carranza and killed American settlers. -
Wilson Re-elected
“He Kept us Out of War” Most Midwesterners and Westerners voted heavily for Wilson due to him keeping us out of war along with his Progressive policies. Ran against Supreme Court Justice- Charles Evans. -
Paris Peace Conference
In 1918, Wilson had delivered his 14 points to Congress Wilson hoped to put into place actions that would prevent future wars and specifically create a League of Nations that would work as an international governing body to aid in disputes. Allied countries also wanted to crush Germany for what they went through as well as to prevent any change of Germany rising to challenge these countries
again. -
Women's Suffrage
President Woodrow Wilson declared his support for the women’s suffrage amendment, then two years later women’s suffrage became a reality. After, the Nineteenth Amendment was passed, women from all walks of life mobilized to vote. They were driven by the promise of change but also in some cases by their anxieties about the future. Much had changed since their campaign began; the United States was now more industrial than not, increasingly more urban than rural. -
League of Nations
Wilson was forced to concede many goals to keep peace in the
conference and thus the League of Nations. Isolationists met Wilson with resistance. Using the words of President Washington about getting involved in any “entangling alliance” they protested America connecting itself to any warring nation after just getting out of a war.
America joining the League of Nation was ultimately defeated. Wilson meant resistance from Senator Henry Cabot Lodge. -
Prohibition
Control of America expanded beyond immigration and moved to cultural. 18th amendment prevented the sale and use of alcohol through the temperance movement. Vetoed by President Woodrow Wilson, but he was overruled. Temperance movement- religious based that fought for the perfect human and a way to bring individuals closer to God. Led by women who were angered by husbands being abusive and spending money on alcohol. -
Creation of Radio
It is believed radio broadcasting developed in 1920. At first it was difficult for many to hear at first, but still sparked interest. It brought many groups of people together that broadcasted podcasts, events, ect. The creation of advertisements changed the landscape of radio as it switched from public consumption to a capitalist venture. -
Flapper Movement
Clash between the “new woman”, traditionalists, and the older
generation. Young Flappers, embraced new fashions, personal freedom and new ideas that challenged the traditional role of women. The Traditionalists feared that the ' New Morality' of the era was threatening family values and the conventional role of women in the home.The # of working women rose 25% during the time while those attending college rose to 10%. -
Scopes Trial
John Scopes was indicted for teaching evolution as it was against the law. It was illegal to teach anything that contradicted the biblical story of creation. Scopes agreed to be a test subject and willingly broke the law to bring the topic into the front page of the news. Williams Jennings Bryan represented Scopes and was opposed by Charles Darrow. Scopes was found guilty ($100 fine). It did successfully bring the topic into discussion, but would not be repealed until the 1960’s. -
Manchuria Incident.
The Mukden Incident, or Manchurian Incident, was an event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the Japanese invasion in 1931 of northeastern China, known as Manchuria. -
Stimson Doctrine
The Stimson Doctrine is the policy of nonrecognition of states created as a result of aggression. The policy was implemented by the United States federal government, enunciated in a note to the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China, of non-recognition of international territorial changes that were executed by force.Some analysts have applied the doctrine in opposition to governments established by revolution, this usage is not widespread, and its invocation usually involves treaty violations -
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact was a secret pact signed between Hitler and the Soviet Union in which that coordinated the splitting of Poland between the two powers and promised nonaggression thereafter. -
Rosie the Riveter
Rosie the Riveter is a cultural icon of World War II, representing the women who worked in factories and shipyards during World War II, many of whom produced munitions and war supplies. These women sometimes took entirely new jobs replacing the male workers who joined the military. Rosie the Riveter is used as a symbol of American feminism and women's economic power.
