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The council for exceptional children was founded on August 10, 1922, by Elizabeth Farrell who became the first president of CEC. It was created to allow students with disabilities to have a better education by aiding teachers to implement preparation standards, creating guidelines when working with children with disabilities, and advocating for special education students’ needs. CEC allowed for the later development of IEPs, federal laws, and modern practices and inclusivity in today’s society. -
There was no specific day this organization was founded. It was created by parents of children with disabilities who were being excluded from public education. Parents wanted their children to be able to participate in their community and their schools rather than being institutionalized. This organization paved the way and inspired the IDEA act. Arc was the first organization to spend money on research on intellectual and developmental disabilities.
Website:
https://thearc.org/about-us/history/ -
Parents sued because their children were being denied access to the public schools. During this time, the law had stated that children who have not reached the mental age of 5 years old did not have to be let into schools. This case changed the law ruling that children with disabilities are still capable of learning and should be provided with free public education that is similar to their nondisabled classmates. -
This was a case between seven children with disabilities and the board of education in which students with disabilities were getting expelled without due process because schools had lack of funding. These students sued because the budget issues wasn’t a valid reason to deny them education. The court came to the conclusion that the schools budgets do not justify expelling students with disabilities and that all students are entitled to public education. -
The act was created to stop the discrimination in schools of children with disabilities, allowing them to receive federal financial support and making schools provide accommodations to students with disabilities. This law helped to establish the 504 plans which we see in schools today. With this plan, students are allowed accommodation during their education to have similar educational experiences as nondisabled students. -
The California state department of education had many weaknesses like lack of coordination/ unaligned goals within each district and unequal access within their educational systems. They decided to reimagine their educational system and come up with a plan that aligned their goals, guidelines, and responsibilities with each district. This allowed all students with disabilities to be integrated into general education classrooms as well as establishing more funding for schools. -
It allowed for Free Appropriate Public Education or FAPE for ages 5-21 for children with disabilities. It required schools to create IEPs, LREs, and provide due process protection to parents and students. Schools were held accountable by law to provide students with disabilities to accommodation plans, integrated in classrooms, and proper rights because before these students were being treated unfairly in multiple states.
Video link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G4Xzvafi-Pg -
This law explained how schools were supposed to follow the law using procedures and requiring state plan submissions. Schools were required to provide FAPEs to all students with disabilities and allow parents to participate when creating their child’s IEP. This gave school the clear procedures to be followed and gave parents security in knowing that the law was being enforced and schools are being held accountable for their children’s education. -
This law was passed by congress and signed by George Bush who was president at the time. It turned the education for all handicapped children into individuals with disabilities education act otherwise known as IDEA. This law added children with autism and traumatic brain injury as categories of disabilities and allowed for the support of preparation of students with disabilities to move into employment and independent living. It served as a modern day/ up to date version of the pervious act. -
This law was to modernize the pervious law in 1990 to align with the no child left behind act. President Bush wanted to focus on the achievements of the students to apply the best research-based practices in order to support students with disabilities to the best of their ability. It required qualified special education teachers along with procured used to teach students according to what they need to be supported.