16524111

History of Special Education and Inclusive Education Cases

By emart399@fiu.edu
  • Brown v. Board of Education

    Brown v. Board of Education

    African-American students were unable to enroll in their neighborhood schools. Separate schools are considered unequal. This sparked desegregation in schools. Thanks to Brown v. Board of Education everyone has an equal opportunity in schools. Click to watch the video.
  • Hobson v. Hanson

    Hobson v. Hanson

    Intelligence quotient (IQ) testing for tracking students was a problem. The tracking system was abolished. Special education used this case to challenge the discriminatory practice of using standardized aptitude tests for ability tracking and the segregation it fostered.
  • Diana v. Board of Education

    Diana v. Board of Education

    Intelligence testing was used for all students including those who did not speak English as their first language. It was determined that these tests were to be given to students in their native language. Students were to be tested in their primary language or non-verbal assessments.

  • Mills v. Board of Education

    Students were excluded from school based on behavior, hyperactivity, and mental retardation. Free and appropriate education for all children, regardless of disability type. Children were excluded from their classes.

  • Lau v. Nicholas

    Instructions in the classroom were not being translated for students who spoke another language. It was found that supplemental English or instruction was to be required in the students' native language.

  • Larry P. v. Riles

    There was a notice of over-representation of African Americans in Educable Mentally Retarded classes. Courts determined to restructure intelligence quotient (IQ) testing.

  • Pase v. Hanson

    There was found to be a cultural bias in intelligence quotient tests. The outcome of this case law was that there were very few questions that were culturally biased.

  • N.Y. v. Rowley

    A deaf student requested an interpreter, even though they were meeting their education plan goals. It was determined that the educational plan in place was adequate and the student did not need the interpreter.

  • Deborah P. v. Turlington

    High school competency test for graduation. The ruling requires adequate notification to students before enforced.

  • Timothy v. Rochester

    Severely handicapped and thought to be uneducable. It was determined that a school district must provide students with educational programs regardless of the severity of their disability. According to EACHA, the school's job is to decide what the appropriate IEP for the child should be.