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This case is one of the most well-known cases in the world and focused on the segregation of schools. In this case, the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to separate children in public schools based on their race. The decision of this case would later help promote the understanding that all children, regardless of their gender, race, or disability, have a right to public education.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NBlqcAEv4nk -
During this time, students with disabilities were still not protected by the ruling of Brown v Board of Education in 1954. The ruling of this case, titled the Department of Public Welfare v Haas, was that the state of Illinois did not have to provide free public education to students with disabilities because they were considered “feeble-minded”. This case only served to show how little regard there was for students with disabilities. -
This law was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson who believed that “full educational opportunity” should be “our first national goal. This law was a key component in President Johnson’s War on Poverty. This law was designed to help low-income families and applied to children who would need support in order to benefit from public school education. -
During this case, named the Mills v Board of Education of the District of Columbia, there were an estimated 16,000 to 20,000 children that fell under the designation of “exceptional” which included children with physical, mental, intellectual, and developmental disabilities. The ruling of this case was that students with disabilities are entitled to an education and that education cannot be denied based on the accommodations’ additional cost to the school. -
This Act defined both handicapped persons and appropriate education. This Act also helps people with disabilities get hired and prohibits discrimination against potential employees with disabilities. This was a great improvement when it came to how people with disabilities were being treated and viewed in society. -
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act required that all public schools that accepted federal funds provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with disabilities. This act required public schools to evaluate children with disabilities and work with the children’s parents in order to create an educational plan. This act also established an early intervention for infants and toddlers with disabilities. -
This law made free public education available to children with disabilities throughout the nation and ensured special education and related services to those children. This law actually replaced the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975. This law also added autism and traumatic brain injury categories while also beginning to provide bilingual education. -
In this version of the Act, it was required that students with disabilities still receive services even if they are expelled and required access to the general education curriculum and state and/or district-wide testing. IEP teams began including a general education teacher and a behavior plan (however the behavior plan was only if it was warranted). -
This Act, signed by President Bush, was a commitment to ensuring that by the end of the third grade, every child would be able to read. This goal was to be accomplished by having the new Reading First Initiative significantly increase the Federal investment in reading instruction programs in early grades. This Act would help provide a better education for students with disabilities.
https://www.edweek.org/policy-politics/no-child-left-behind-an-overview/2015/04 -
In this version of the Act, the RTI model is used to determine the presence of a learning disability, and the severe discrepancy model is no longer used. There was also an increase in funding for early intervention services for students who do not require special education as well as the elimination of IEP short-term objectives for some students.