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One of the oldest controversies involving the education of exceptional learners. It debates what plays a larger role in intelligence; biological factors such as genetics or environemental factors such as opportunity, encouragement, and teaching. The debate still carries on today.
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Most historian trace the begining of special education to Itard who was an authority on diseases of the ear and on the education of deaf students. Most notable was his work with a 12 year boy, Victor, known as the "the Wild Child". Thie issue of Nature vs Nurture was part of Itards work
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He started the first residential school in America for student who were deaf.
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In 1829 he created the first school for the blind. The curriclum focused both on traditional rerading, writing and mathematics but also on the students individual interests
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Farrell taught the first class of exceptional children in American public school. She was also the first president of the Council for Exceptional Children
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The association was founded by Ann Isaacs. It support and develop policies and practices that encourage and respond to the diverse expressions of gifts and talents in children and youth from all cultures, racial and ethnic backgrounds, and socioeconomic groups. - See more at: http://www.nagc.org/about-nagc/who-we-are#sthash.kl6hYzYB.dpuf
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Started by Eunice Kennedy Shriver in 1962 as a camp on her farm. In 1968 it evolved into the Special Olympics. They were created to enrich the lives of individual with disabilities.
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Formed by parrents and proffesionals that convened a conference in Chicago entitled “Exploration into the Problems of the Perceptually Handicapped Child.” The professionals that participated and these parents shared a common concern: the recognition of the dire need for services for their children, services that did not exist.
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The concept of Nomalization, Deinstitutionalization and Inclusion started in the 1960s. It breaks down the barriers to participation of people with disabilities in normal life. It continues to be a major role today
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Originally written in 1975 it evolved several times to what is now the IDEIA. It basically states that all children and youths with disabilities have the right to a free, appropriate public education.
