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At the beginning of life the cavemen would use paintings in cave walls to communicate. Though this isn't what we would usually consider the graphic design we know today, it helped lead us there.
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The alphabet is one of the greatest graphic design innovations to be created. The Sumerians invented the first alphabet, using pictures to represent the certain words rather than letters. These early languages are called Logo-graphic, because of their use of pictures.
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The people of China discovered various different versions of printing, including papyrus paper making, woodblock painting, and movable type.
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In the 14th century King Richard II made a decree requiring that anyone one who chose to sell ale must have signage posted outside the business so it would be easier to find. These were the first 'logos' to represent something other than coat of arms used for households.
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Movable type printing was introduced to England allowing for mass production of print, enabling faster and more efficient communication. This invention also helped the education of the people improve immensely and religion was booming at this time due to greater access of religious works.
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The 'corantos' were this time frame's newspaper, and was where these first advertisements were located
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The Wiener Werkstatte was stationed in Austria and was the first organization with a variety of artists and designers.
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Paul Rand's book on his theories and ideologies of design, helped shaped design into what we know today and paved the way for designers.
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In 1990 the first version of Adobe Photoshop was released and graphic design slowly began to transfer to the world of internet. In present-day more and more platforms continue to be developed and Graphic design constantly grows and develops.