history of ethics in psychology

  • 6500 BCE

    Trephination

    This was one of the first types of study of psychology. The "medicine man" would drill holes in the heads of the participants to release the "demons." In a lot of these cases, there wasn't any permission needed for these procedures.
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    Tuskegee Syphilis Study

    This study "documents disease in blacks, and racial differences in the criminal racial differences in the criminal manifestations of syphilis." The U.S Public Health Service studied over 600 African American sharecroppers without informing the men or their families that they had syphilis, resulting in many deaths. The study also refrained the participants from receiving medicine or concerning about the disease.
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    Nazi Concentration Camp Experiments

    This study was done on homosexuals, Jews, blacks, and others who didn't have the same beliefs as the Nazis / their leaders. These actions were disguised as "Research," although these people were put in terrible conditions. Such as sleep deprivation, starvation, unnecessary surgeries, and physical, emotional, and psychological torture without being given an option to leave or receive medicine.
  • Milgram Experiment

    In this experiment where "teachers" were instructed to tell the experimenter to give powerful series of shocks to a "learner" to see at what point the "teachers" conscience about hurting a fellow human being overridden the orders of a person in authority. The studies showed that 65% of the teachers were willing to continue, although they believed that they were causing harm to another human being. (No shocks were administered)
  • Zimbardo Prison Experiment

    During this experiment, 24 men were chosen from Standford University for a 6-day experiment. There was a random role selection whether they played the role of a guard or a prisoner. Prisoners seemed to have gone through a full range of experiences of what it is like to be a prisoner. "The study revealed how reasonable, and even sadistic, when back by ideological authority"