-
35,000 BCE
Before 1900 Early Forerunners of Educational Technology
Primitive cave paintings demonstrated man's need and desire to communicate
- Oral Traditions emphasized memory and training
-The more advanced the culture, the more complex became the technology of instruction.
"The aim of each age or society was to find the basic skills or subject content to transfer cultural heritage to learner behavior. Every significant shift in cultural values over time has led to new theories of learning and to new technologies of instruction" -
500
Sophists Introduce The concept of Techne or Technology into Education
Sophists legacy is the word 'techne' or Technology:
The idea was that one culture was inhabited by people of science versus people of letters. They combined two culture concepts into a single concept 'techne'. CHRISTIAN JARQUIN -
Orbus Pictus Published- 150 Illustrated Pictures
Comenius was the first true forerunner of Modern educational technology. He foresaw the modern concept of Ed Tech as an applied science in support of the practical arts. Orbus Pictus was 150 illustrated pictures each serving as a topic for one lesson. Teaching Latin and Science was accomplished by associating pictorial representation with cognate word symbols. It was also the first successful application of illustrations to the work of teaching that continued to be published for 150 years. -
Pestalozzi-Anticipation of Science of Instruction
Pestalozzi-Anticipated the Science of Instruction through introspection, he wanted to understand what he should do and then attempted to use these insights to improve his method. He brought life closer to the learner, replaced drill with observation, and learner motivation, respected the individuality of each learner, and supplanted fear of punishment with mutual cooperation. Major influence in Germany, where German schools became models of Pestalozzianins. Pestalozzi's work influenced Froebel. -
Kindergarden or Garden of Children is Created
Kindergarten aka (Garden of Children) was created by the German born Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852), famous Educationalist in 1837. Children explore the environment through play with peers in their age group. The Bad Blankenburg Infant school used play, games, songs, stories, and crafts to encourage children’s imagination and widen their physical and motor talents.
link text CHRISTIAN JARQUIN -
Lancasterian- Monitorial Instruction (Created in England)
Joseph Lancaster created manuals for classroom organization and, subject matter group instruction at an inexpensive cost. The popularity of its system was it mass instruction at a low cost. This was the foreshadowing of free public schools. had a lasting impact on education by implementing instructional media and effective grouping by talent and monitor training. This provided "order and system" to education, but was mechanical and lacked a systematic psychology of learning theory. -
In U.S. the first catalog of instructional films published
-
Period: to
School Museums
Most Media in school museums were visual media, such as films, slides and photographs Motion Picture Projector was one of the first media devices used in schools. In the U.S. the first catalog of instructional films was published in 1910 -
Thomas Edison Proclaims "Books will be Obsolete"
Edison states "Books will soon be obsolete in the schools... (since) it is possible to teach every branch of human knowledge through" film. "Our school system will be completely changed inside of ten years". Though his prediction did not take fruit, the visual instruction movement grew fromm (1914- 1923) -
Period: to
AudioVisual Instruction Movement and Instrutional Radio
Technological advances in radio broadcasting, sound recording, and sound motion pictures led to increased interest in instructional media. Thanks to sound the visual instruction movement became the Audiovisual Instruction Movement -
Period: to
World War II- Growth of Audivisual Instruction
Audivisual Instruction became effective training tools to train army personnel during the war.
Overhead projectors, , slide projectors, and audio equipment for foreign language acquisition. -
Period: to
Post World War II Ed Tech Developments
Audiovisual devices helped effectively and efficiently train large number of individuals with diverse backgrounds. Lumsdaine's research focused on identifying how learning was affected by various techniques for eliciting overt student response. Post world war II audiovisual research were the first concentrated efforts to identify principles of learning that could be used in the design of audivisual materials. Media comparison studies and focus of studies were also performed during these times. -
Period: to
Instructional Television
The increased interest in television as a medium for delivering instruction influenced audiovisual movement in the 1950's. The FCC set aside educational channels and Ford Foundation funding helped Instructional Television. Unfortunately, poor quality lectures waned interest in the 60's and when outside funding dried school districts discontinued Instructional television. -
Period: to
Computers from 1950's to 1995
Computers were the next technological innovation. In the 1950's Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) was designed for public schools.
In the 1960's application of CAI's at the university and public school levels.
1970's computers had little impact on education Early 1980's to 1990's after microcomputers became available to the public became used for instructional purposes, but impact on instructional practices were minimal using drill and practices, and word processing skills. -
Educational Technology & Instructional Technology replaces Audiovisual instruction
The 1970's brought a shift terminology The department of Audiovisual instruction changed to the Association for Educational Communications and Technology. Most profesionals agreed that up to that point instructional media had had minimal impact on educational practices. 1970's The arrival of school museums mark the beginning of supplemental instructional media available to teachers. -
A History of the field of Instructional Technology
-
Period: to
Rapid Advances in Computers
New technologies such as CD-ROM's, intranet, and internet for instructional purposes grew in higher education and the military. Distance learning classes via the internet grew in interest. Byy 1998 there was one computer for every six students, but were limited in the type of software they can run. Since 1995 business and industry view the internet as a means of providing instruction and information to widely dispersed cleaners at a relatively low cost. -
Period: to
Increase Interactivity improves user experience
Films provide no interactivity in instructional content versus email, chat and internet. They interact with instructions, and other learners as well as instructional content. The ability of computers to present information in a wide variety of forms as well as to allow learners to easily link to various content, as attracted instructional designers having a constructivist perspective. Intelligent Tutoring Systems improve the learners experience through interactive self paced learning. -
Period: to
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
These two technologies have made our lives faster and more convenient.
-It helped in segmenting the entire process of education online and led to easy access of the subjects through various integrated software’s.
-It leads to the development of artificial instructors, virtual facilitators, intelligent tutors, interactive websites
https://www.stoodnt.com/blog/machine-learning-ai-in-education/ -
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
These two technologies have made our lives faster and more convenient.
-It helped in segmenting the entire process of education online and led to easy access of the subjects through various integrated software’s.
-It leads to the development of artificial instructors, virtual facilitators, intelligent tutors, interactive websites
https://www.stoodnt.com/blog/machine-learning-ai-in-education/ -
Virtual Reality
Virtual Reality is a ground-breaking technology that transforms the traditional methods of classroom teaching. The technology helps students to understand the toughest of abstract topics through immersive learning. Imagine how interesting it would be to take a tour inside the human brain or to travel in space amidst the beautiful constellations! All this is possible with Virtual Reality. https://elearning.adobe.com/2020/01/augmented-reality-and-virtual-reality-in-school-education/
