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In this time period, most females who attended school went to a women's home. Here they learned housekeeping skills. This served both educational purposes and day care.
https://www.google.com/search?q=the+hornbook&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjf25_RwZDTAhUB6GMKHaObDVgQ_AUIBigB&biw=1093&bih=510#tbm=isch&q=dame+schools+in+the+1600s&*&imgrc=b0s_h3oYkp65SM: -
This college was founded in 1636. Latin grammar schools prepared young boys for the requirements of admission. https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=harvard+college+1636&*&imgrc=jpizX6gOBgSSzM:
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Also known as the "Old Deluder Satan Act". This required towns with at least 50 houses to hire a schoolmaster to teach kids how to read and write. Towns 100 houses or more had to have a school that would prepare children to attend Harvard College. https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=massachusetts+act+of+1647&*&imgrc=TnYVvsutg-EShM:
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First published in 1690, This book was shorter than 90 pages and about three by four inches in size. It combined the information on the hornbook with religious catechism, words, couplets, and text. This tool was used all the way through the early 1800s. https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=massachusetts+act+of+1647&*&imgrc=LAJTHkoczCD4IM:
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This was a paddle with a piece of paper on it with a thin layer of a cows horn to protect it. This paddle had the ABCs, some pairs of letters, and a religious verse on it. This was used throughout the 1700s. https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=hornbook&*&imgrc=_bdlz1wKSDCNQM:
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In 1749, Benjamin Franklin founded this academy which would later be known as the University of Pennsylvania. Both classical subjects and subjects needed for occupations were taught. It was intended to cultivate trades and "more useful culture of young minds" https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=public+university+of+philadelphia+1749&*&imgrc=u_yzYYo2KCWrjM:
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Between 1810 and 1820, the monitorial system (developed in England) was introduced to the United States. This was a way of providing training for teachers. Monitors were older, more experienced students who instructed younger pupils. https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=monitorial+system&*&imgrc=7FJheep93I-62M:
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(1776-1841) Herbart was a German Philosopher who advocated an organized curriculum and developed a five -step teaching method. https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=johann+friedrich+herbart&*&imgrc=-KfzthkN0xnABM:
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The common school was an elementary (primary) school that came into being between 1830 and 1850. It reflected the common school movement that began in the early 19th century (based on the belief that free education would make the nation stronger.) https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=1830s+primary+school&*&imgrc=g5ArBzCRuVsgXM:
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Also known as the Land Grant College Act, this act gave every state 30,000 acres of land to use for colleges. This act resulted in more than 70 colleges and universities. https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=morrill+act+of+1862&*&imgrc=uTbIxfS0WifeYM:
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This expanded the land grant system to southern states to include black institutions. It also made college education available to people in all social classes . https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=morrill+act+of+1890&*&imgrc=NcFs1QZw1rSI0M:
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The committee proposed the reduction of ten grades to eight and wanted to add grammar, literature, history, and geography. They also wanted elementary schools to teach hygiene, culture, vocal music, and drawing once a week for an hour and teach manual training, sewing, and cooking.
https://www.google.com/search?q=harvard&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi33tCCw5DTAhUCz2MKHW9tDdkQ_AUICSgC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=the+committee+of+fifteen&*&imgrc=x2lsdjZ5zjtSXM: -
This was formed to regulate college entrance requirements. The committee developed a basic high school course requirement made up of a four-year course of 16 units. https://www.google.com/search?q=the+committee+on+college+entrance+requirement&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwip8_jxxZDTAhVCzGMKHYXCAA0Q_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=the+committee+on+college+entrance+requirement+1895&*&imgrc=3EN0F9yqFN5hIM:
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Usually known as the College Board, this was formed to create uniformity in college preparation by administrating examinations. The SAT was first administered in 1926
https://www.google.com/search?q=the+college+entrance+examination+board+1900&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj5846txpDTAhXDKWMKHfq8ApUQ_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=7_L11oNYpJ484M: -
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The average, yellow school bus appeared and helped students get to school who quit because of having to travel long distances. It also allowed school systems to consolidate widely scattered school houses.
https://www.google.com/search?q=yellow+school+bus+1947&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjrxPLfxpDTAhVD1WMKHZhBDJwQ_AUIBigB&biw=1093&bih=510#imgrc=9ST0taW2dIDRpM: -
Money was more important at the time than education was, so children worked in factories instead of going to school. Their families needed everyone working. This was part of the Fair Labor Standards Act and was amended in 1949.
https://www.google.com/search?q=first+federal+law+restricting+child+labor&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj678qDx5DTAhVC6WMKHZftBpgQ_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=lvDorOCUHimB4M: -
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(NDEA) this was singed by President Eisenhower to provide federal aid for education in the states at all levels, public and private. It was also used to stimulate advancement in science and math. The launching of the Sputnik by Russia made the government feel like our education was extremely lacking.
https://www.google.com/search?q=NDEA&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjrmb6gx5DTAhUNzGMKHb9yBNsQ_AUICCgB&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=4evuhL4Mi4877M: -
The ESEA was signed into law by President Johnson to provide federal guidance and funds to school districts with a large number of disadvantaged students.
https://www.google.com/search?q=ESEA&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&tbm=isch&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOnYm6x5DTAhVB8mMKHYK2CaYQ_AUICCgD&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=ESEA+1965&*&imgrc=i0OOntC0f1KrOM: -
This was enacted by congress to proved funds for loans, work study, and institutional aid in post-secondary institutions.
https://www.google.com/search?q=higher+education+act+1965&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj9h__jx5DTAhUM62MKHeiGCM8Q_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=fuWIdrBUc9E0FM: -
The Bilingual Education Act provided federal aide to local school districts to help address the needs of students with limited English speaking abilities. This stressed language development for students in both English and their native languages.
https://www.google.com/search?q=title+vii+of+1964&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHztmCyJDTAhVPwmMKHSd5DZ0Q_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=bilingual+education+act+of+1968&*&imgrc=uHFHbHSzHMGWbM: -
This protected people from sex-based discrimination in education programs and activities that receive funding from federal sources.
https://www.google.com/search?q=title+vii+of+1964&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHztmCyJDTAhVPwmMKHSd5DZ0Q_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=JGtYja2m3AoMSM: -
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This was a report issued by the National Commission on Excellence in Education which was composed of 18 members. The report supported the traditional academic model of the college-preparatory high school and made five recommendations for attaining educational excellence.
https://www.google.com/search?q=a+nation+at+risk&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjj5_T8yJDTAhVD72MKHd0EAiUQ_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=koltgy9_xCMVVM: -
The NBPTS had a primary goal of establishing standards for teaching and certifying exemplary teachers at the national level
https://www.google.com/search?q=national+board+for+professional+teaching+standards+certification&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi__baUyZDTAhUFKGMKHdG8C7wQ_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=mOnSQ8LO4PhpnM: -
GOALS 2000 identified six sweeping national goals. The federal government awarded grants to universities and professional organizations to develop standards in most curriculum areas. It also developed an Office of Assessment to measure progress.
https://www.google.com/search?q=GOALS+2000&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj09L6zyZDTAhUL8mMKHWusAXcQ_AUIBygC&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=RiKDN83FUe1YPM: -
The IDEA was renewed in 1997 and 2004. This focused national attention and resources on making sure that all students received the best possible education.
https://www.google.com/search?q=IDEA+renewed&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjX2vLXyZDTAhVJ5mMKHekmDlkQ_AUICCgD&biw=1093&bih=471#tbm=isch&q=NDEA+&*&imgrc=wl9tZzBpmloECM: -
President Obama introduced these funds to support innovative programs and strategies in education that were designed to increase student achievement.
https://www.google.com/search?q=race+to+the+top+obama&rlz=1C1CHBF_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjKxqK9ypDTAhVB32MKHSdeCAcQ_AUICCgD&biw=1093&bih=471#imgrc=mdZj7BCyBzXsvM:
