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Magic Lantern
Magic Lantern is one of the early image projectors introduced in 17th century.
There are many theories about who was first to invent the Magic Lantern, but the mostly accepted one says that, Christian Huygens has developed the first unit in 1650. However, some stories are saying that in 15th century Giovanni Fontana has already invented device capable of projecting an image. Many other sources inform that Athanasius Kircher or Kir
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Thaumatrope
The invention of Thaumatrope is credited to be earmarked for John Ayrton Paris, as he has presented it in Royal College of Physicians in London.
Thaumatrope is using the technique of persistence of vision. On a one side of a disc is one image, and on another side is another picture. When 2 strings attached to the disc are twirled, the card gives an illusion of two images being combined in to one. -
Phenakistoscope
Joseph Plateau has invented the Phenakistoscope, device based on persistence of vision to give an illusion of animated image. In order to make a Phanakistoscope work properly a disc is attached to a handle. On top of the disc are images, which present sequences of animation, and has equally spaced cuts through. The user needs to look through the cuts in front of the mirror while the disc is spinning. The moving reflection of images in the mirror will give an illusion of motion. -
Zoetrope
Zoetrope is another device that produces the illusion of motion by using rapidly changing pictures. The first zoetrope was, created in China by Ting Huan, but the modern version was developed by British mathematicianWilliam George Horner in 1833. The British inventor called the device “Daedalum” what brings to mind Greek myth about Daedalus. -
Flip Book
John Barnes patented flipbook, also known as a flick book, in 1868 under the name of kineograph, what means “moving picture”. In order to create the illusion of moving images, the sequences are drawn on each page of the book, so when the pages are turned rapidly, the pictures appear to be animated. Usually flipbooks contain cartoonish characters for children. -
Praxinoscope
Charles-Emile Reynaud invented successor to the zoetrope, Praxinoscope, in 1877. Like zoetrope, it used a sequence of images placed on the inner surface of the cylinders, but the viewing experience was improved thanks to the use of mirrors. The user could just look at the mirror, which mirrored the moving images. -
Kinetoscope
Kinetoscope is another device used for presenting animations. Kinetoscope was mainly designed for being used by one person at the time, through a little window on top of the device. It created the illusion of motion by conveying a strip of perforated film containing the sequences of images over a light source with high-speed shutter. -
Humorous phases of funny faces
“Humorous phases of funny faces” is a cartoon created by J. Stuart Blackton. During the development Blackton has used mainly the technique of stop-motion animation. He has drawn the characters on a blackboard and than filed it. Once the drawing was recorded he erased it and drawn another image, filed it again, and so on. The film was moving in 20 fps (frames per second). “Humorous phases of funny faces” is known to be a first silent film/cartoon. -
En Route
French caricaturist, Emile Cohl, has developed en Route, which is known as a first paper cutout animation. Cutout technique was used for creating an animated movies by using flat characters created from paper etc. -
Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio
In 1923 was formed a Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio and than re-established as a Walt Disney Productions, which is extremely popular thanks of its high quality cartoons such as Micky Mouse, The Lion King and many more. -
The Jazz Singer
The Jazz Singer was the first full-length animated movie with synchronised dialogues and sounds. Warner Bros produced the movie on October 6, 1927. The movie has received a Special Academy Award and was nominated to Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay and Academy Award for Engineering Effects. -
Steam Boat Willy
Walt Disney has distributed a first cartoon, which featured Micky Mouse. Micky Mouse appeared in earlier productions, but Steamboat Willie was the first distributed cartoon. It is also known as a one of the first cartoons with synchronised sounds. The estimated production budget for Steamboat Willie was nearly 5 millions dollars. -
The King of Jazz
The King of Jazz is produced by Universal Pictures. It is known as a one of the first short animations, which utilise the two strips Technicolor process. Technicolor process was used for achieving vivid and saturated colours in cartoons. -
Multi-plane camera
Ub Iwerks, a Walt Disney Studios animator/director, invented the multi-plane camera. The multi-plane camera allowed to record rapidly changing images. Some of the images had a transparent background and were placed in various distances from the camera in order to achieve a illusion of third dimension. Multi-plane camera was used in many animated movies. One of the most popular is Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs developed by Walt Disney. -
Jurasic Park
Jurassic Park (directed by Steven Spielber in 1993) is one of the first movies to use CG for realistic creatures. -
The Lion King
The Lion King is a full-length 2D movie produced by Walt Disney in 1994. Over the years the move was released with improved picture quality and stereoscopic 3D effect. -
Toy Story
Toy Story is a full-length animated movie produced by Pixar animation Studios and released by Walt Disney. Toy Story is the first animated movie, which is created by using mainly 3D animation.
