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1095
Pope Urban Called for the Crusades
Catholics wanted to take the Holy Land from the Muslims. -
1200
The Crusades Cause a Big Change
Countries in Europe learned about trade and manufacturing. This led to them creating small trade fairs and manufacturing centers. -
1254
Marco Polo was Born
Marco Polo was born into a family of merchants, encouraging him to travel outside of his city to find a way to import products from the east. -
1293
The Polos Began Their Journey Home
They returned home by ship with resources such as ivory, jade, jewels, porcelain, and silk, but also with information about new currency and industry. -
1298
Marco Polo Becomes Prisoner of War
Marco Polo was captaining a galley-ship in a battle against Genoa, but he was caught during it and became a prisoner of war. There he met a writer and the writer told him to write all about his travels to spread his information. -
Period: 1300 to
Scientific Revolution/Renaissance
Europe had a rebirth in an interest in science, math, and arts. -
1415
Portuguese Capture Fortress of Cueta
The Portuguese capture the Fortress of Cueta in 1415, which was one step closer to controlling the entire market of gold. -
1419
Portugal Discovers Madeira Islands
This encouraged them to go farther south to find more. -
1427
Portugal Discovers Azores Islands
Since this was a success, it encouraged them to go in the same direction as to how they found these islands. -
1434
Prince Henry's Ships Make a Successful Return
Prince Henry's make a successful voyage back to Portugal, and this encouraged them to venture farther south. -
1469
Marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella
Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella married each other, which unified Catholic Spain which led to creating a nation that competed for global power. -
1485
Columbus Presents His Plan
Christopher Columbus presented his plan to the king of Portugal. He wanted to go to the Spice Islands but he was rejected. -
1488
Dias Makes it to the Tip of Africa
Bartolomeu Dias made it to the tip of Africa, leading him to the eastern coast of South Africa. -
Oct 12, 1492
Columbus Lands on Hispaniola
Columbus "discovered" an island he named Hispaniola, which is known today as the Dominican Republic and Haiti. -
1498
Dias Made Portugal the Richest Country in Europe
Bartolomeu Dias achieved King Joâo's dream, which was making Portugal the richest country in Europe. -
Thomas Hobbes' "The Leviathan"
In 1641, Thomas Hobbes writes "The Leviathan" which shares his ideas and thoughts. -
John Locke's "The Second Treatise on Government"
In 1690, John Locke wrote this to share his ideas and thoughts. -
Declaration of Independence Created
The Declaration of Independence was created to show the British Crown why they were separating. -
France Forced to Pay Taxes
The French were forced to pay back the money to the king from the money lost in the war. -
Rebellion Against Plantation Owners
Led by Toussaint L'Overture, the slaves rebelled against their slave owners. -
Slaves Control
By 1792, the slaves had already controlled a third of the island. -
French Order Saint Domingue to Free Slaves
In 1794, the French government ordered the whites of Saint Domingue to free their slaves. -
Bolívar Moves
After his parents passed, he moved to Spain and became a philosopher. -
L'Overture Pushes Past Saint Domingue
He starts to conquer Santo Domingo, abolishing slavery on the island. -
Napoleon Invades Spain
The French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Spain. -
Mexicans Divided
They were divided into people that accepted and rejected the new king. -
Group Wins Independence for Venezuela
A resistance group overthrew the administration and gained independence for Venezuela. -
Grito de Dolores Starts
father Miguel Hidalgo rang the bell and told people to fight -
San Martín Leaves Spanish Army
He resigned from the Spanish army and returned to Argentina where he led a corps of soldiers. -
Bolívar Makes Campaign
He and his men invaded Venezuela, making the Admirable Campaign. -
Letter From Jamaica
Bolívar writes this about the struggles with independence. -
Capture of Lima
San Martín decides to go back to his original plan, the capture of Lima. -
Economic Crisis
In 1819, an economic crisis occurred which led to many banks shutting down, therefore Moses Austin lost almost all of his money. -
To Texas
In 1820, Moses Austin and Stephen F. Austin traveled to East Texas. -
Mexico Gains Independence
They gained independence from Spain. -
Gran Colombia Created
This new country was created by Bolívar and became Colombia, Venezuela, Panamá, and Ecuador. -
Takes Capital of Peru
He takes over the Capital of Peru and then makes it independent from Spain. -
Two Leaders Meet
Bolivar and San Martin meet in Ecuador. -
Imperial Colonization Law
In 1823, the Imperial Colonization Law was accepted by the Mexican government. -
Capital of Austin's Colony
San Felipe de Austin was the colony that became the capital of Austin's colony. -
Bolivar Becomes Dictator
becomes dictator of Peru. -
Colonists in 1825
In 1825, there were 1,790 people living in Austin's colony. Out of all of those, about 400 of them were slaves/ -
Republic of Bolivia Created
It was created to honor Bolivar. -
Republic of Fredonia
Benjamin Edwards started the Republic of Fredonia and declared it independent from Mexico. -
Settlers Kept Coming
By 1827, there had been about one hundred to two hundred settlers in Austin's colony. -
Law of April 6, 1830
On April 6, 1830, the Mexican government wrote a law to have more control over Texas. -
Bolivar Passes
He dies in Santa Marta, Columbia. -
Turtle Bayou Resolutions
The Texans wrote these statements to be able to still work with Mexico. -
Period: to
Conventions of 1832-1833
in 1832, the Texans wanted independence, the April 6 law removed, and more. In 1833, the Texans wrote a constitution to request these changes. -
Siege of San Antonio
Texans siege the Mexicans for 34 days. -
Grass Fight
Texans battled Mexican cavalry just to get grass to feed the horses. -
Ben Milam's Call
Ben Milam said "Who will go with Ben Milam to San Antonio?" and 700 troops joined him. -
A New Dictator
Santa Anna declared himself dictator of Mexico. -
Battle of Gonzales
The Texans won the Battle of Gonzales and kept the cannon. -
Texas Revolution Begins
The Texans and Mexicans fought, and it marked the beginning of the Texas Revolution. -
Goliad Campaign
Texan soldiers went to Goliad and got many resources from the Mexicans. -
Battle of the Alamo
Mexican troops sieged the Texans at the Alamo for 13 days until they won. -
Battle of San Jacinto
The Texans won the battle and it marked the end of the Texas revolution. -
Goliad Massacre
Mexico defeated the Texans at Goliad and killed everyone. -
San Martin Passes
He fled to Europe until he died.