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FIRTS GENERATION: Vacuum Tubes ( 1940-1956)
The first computer systems used Vacuum Tubes for circuitry and
Magnetic Drums for memory
CHARACTERISTICS
-Machine Language
-Punched Cards and Paper Tape
FIRST COMPUTER
UNIVAC
ENIAC -
SECOND GENERATION: Transistors (1956-1963)
Transistors replace vacuum
Invented at bell tabs in (1947)
CHARACTERISTICS
-Atomic Energy Industry
-The transistors was far superior to the vacuum tube
-More energy efficient and more reliabe
-Thoungh the transistor still generated a grreat deal of heat -
THIRD GENERARATION: Integrated circuits (1964-1971)
Transistors were miniaturized and placed on chips, called semiconductors, which drastically increased the speed on silicon chips, called semiconductors. which drastically increased the speed and efficiency of computers.
The first intregrated circuit was developed in the 1950s by Jack Kilby of texas instruments and Robert and noyce of fairchild semiconductor -
FOURTH GENERATION: MICROPROCESSORS (1971-PRESENT)
The Microprocessor brought the fourth generation of computers. The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971 from the central processing unitand. In 1981 IBM introduced its first computer for the home user, and in 1984 Apple introduced the Machintosh.
Fourth generation also saw the development of GUIS. the MOUSE and HANDHELD devices. -
FIFTH GENERATION: Artificial Intelligence (1983,Present and Beyon
JAPAN 1983: "Program of the fifth generation of computers"
U.S: Artificial Intelligence
Robotics
Expert Systems -
FIFTH GENERATION: Artificial Intelligence (1983,Present and Beyon
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE -
FIFTH GENERATION: Artificial Intelligence (1983,Present and Beyon
ROBOTICS (Isaac Asimov)
1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to ham- A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law
- A robot must protect is own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the first or Second Laws
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FIFTH GENERATION: Artificial Intelligence (1983,Present and Beyon
EXPERT SYSTEMS -
FIFTH GENERATION: Artificial Intelligence (1983,Present and Beyon
-SOME FEATURES
-MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
