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The Battle of Guadalcanal was America's first real offensive attack and victory of WWII.
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In 1944, the Servicemen's Readjustment Act was created to help the soldiers who had fought in WWII. While this helped the white, male individuals it actually took jobs from African Americans and women.
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After the victory of the Allies in Europe, America still had to fight the Japanese. In July, 1945 the first atomic weapon was successfully exploded in Trinity, New Mexico. This heralded a new age of atomic energy and weapons.
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On the 8th of May, 1945 America celebrated V-E Day, also known as Victory in Europe Day. This marked the victory not over WWII, but over the Germans and their allies in Europe.
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In August, 1945 America dropped two atomic bombs on Japan. The first hit Hiroshima on the 6th and the second hit Nagasaki on the 9th. Tens of thousands, including countless civilians, were killed. This insane amount of atomic weaponry forced Japan to surrender on the 15th of August.
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On January 1, 1947 Walter Lippman published "The Cold War: A Study in U.S. Foreign Policy" which foretold a war between the US and the Soviet Union not of physical battles, but of words. Lippman spoke of a "Cold War" which soon came to fruition.
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NATO, or North Atlantic Treaty Organization, was created in April, 1949 and was a defense treaty that was created by US officials. It was joined by England, France, Canada, Italy, and many other countries.
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In 1950, on June 27th, President Truman announced America would join South Korea in the fight against North Korea.
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An armistice was signed between North Korea and America on July 27, 1953 which ended the Korean War.