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the great depression 1929
-when panicked sellers traded nearly 60 mil.shares on New York stock exchange.
-corporation would no longer raise funds
-in 1940 15% was the lowest employment rate
people had fought for their daily survival. banks failed and many people were out of work.
-the money supply growth caused by huge international gold influence was a cruial source of the recovery in the U.S economy.
-people were hungry and went homeless -
Stock Market crash
was largely caused by stock market investments,low wages, a crumbling agricultural sector,& high amounts of debt that could'nt be liquidated upward trends in the stock market caused many people to invest money ,even if they did'nt have the financial assets to bank up their investments -
21st Amendment 1933
-many people had simply refused to accept the on alcohol.even president harding drink alcohol inn the white house.Prohibition was repected by twenty first amendment.the experience of prohibitation demonstrated that -
20th Amendment
the 20th amendment was to move the inauguration up for febuary to january,so two presidents will not be in office at the same time this period is called the 'lame duck' period.
-'lame duck' is an elected official whose time in an office or position will soon end and does little as the president. -
Tennessee valley Authority
it was created by congressional may,1933 to provide flood control,electricity generator and economic development during the depression-this was president Roosevelts New deal for reform. -Largest public power company in the U.Sowns the 5th largest river system,provides electrisity for tennessee but also parts of kentucky,alabama,Georgia,north carolina and virginia. -some feared the 'TVA' was a form of sacailism -
Grapes of Wrath April, 14,1939
-the grape of wrath is an American realist novel written by john sternbeck and published in 1439
- an okie is a resident,nativr, or culture(descendent of Oklahoma
-the route 66 (U.S.66 or route 66) the main hwy in the 1930's that connected the great plains to california.
- migrants went to california in the hopes to find jobs and places to work but when they got there the jobs were taken -
Huey Long 1935
U.S senator and former governor of louisiana Huey long promised to give each American family an income of $15,000 a year ,to be paid for by taxing the rich long was assassinated before he was able to mount his campaige against FDR -
seculities and Exchange commission 1933
-The purpose of the SEC is protecting investors from dangerours or illegal financial practices of fraud. -the issue it addlessed,was the fact that no one was watching the stock marchets. -the effects of its passage was to prevent another stock market collapse, in doing so it evolved our markets into high-tech trading centers. -
AAA(agrichual adjustment act)
-its purpose was to help help farmers by producing production of stable crops ,taxes forced farmers to cut amounts they marketed.
- the gov even paid per farmers not to grow chops so prices would not group and help the land. -
Robert Taft (New deal socialism)
-co-operating with conservitive democrat nd led the conservative that opposed the new deal.the republican gains in the 1938 elections combined with the creation of the conservative had stopped the explosion of new deal. -
immigrants during the depression
-with less demand for workers during the depression,white Americans after jobs filled by mexican immigrants.
-public hostility for mexicans grow which made it dificult for them to enter the U.S.
-Hoover authorized the mexican reputation Act to send mexicans back to mexico to lack of jobs -
First term of Franklin D Roosevelt
-his positive approach and charm help him defeat herbort hoover in nov. 1932.- Depresssion was the only issue of conseque in the campaige Americans had to choose between unsuccessful policies from hoover ,who claimed Roosevelt would intensity the disater .
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Dust bowl 1930
-farmers had been plowing the grass lands for crops in central plains and trapping underground water supplies.
-natural causes were 10 years droughts was occuring. -farmers had to move to California because their harvest was being destroyed. the wind carrie the topsoil away this is why it was called the dust bowl. -
William Randolph Hearst
-Hearst's reputation suffred in the 1930 as his political views changed in 1932.
-he was a major supporter of FDR his newspaper throughout 1933.
-hearst broke with FDR the spring of 1935 when president vetoed the pat man bonus bill -
migrant mother
ms lang during her career in the 1930s she wanted to use the power of the image to effect political change.
-Many Americans lost their homes and family in the depression.
-people went homeless and went hungry millions depended on soup kitchen for their food the last photo 'migrant mother' was published in the san Francisco Mach 10,1936
effect;was funded by federal agencies farm security administration helped draw attenio to the despreate condition in rual america during GD. -
Period: to
New deal 1933-1938
-the plan of relief,recovery,and reform was relief for the unemployment and poor recovery of the economy to normal levels,and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.
-the 'new deal was a series of social liberal programs enacted in the united states.
-the new deal produced political realignments,making the democratic party mojority.
-Roosevelt explained his policies in conversational terms -
The gold standard
-gold and silver were traded
-use of the gold standerd came to an end in 1933 when president Roosevelt issued an executive order outlawing the ship to gold,but roosevelt wanted people to rely on paper money (fait money)
-to expand to money supply & stimulate economic activity. -
Federal Deposit insurance corporation
-The FDIC provided federal insurance for individual bank accounts of up to $5,000 reassuring millions of banks coustomers that their money was safe.
-congress and the president also worked to regulate the stock market,in which people had lost faith because of the crash 1929.
-the FDIC was part of Roosevelts New Deal the 3's relief,recovery and reform -
FDR first term
-Roosevelts famous quote 'only thing we have to fear is itsself addressing himself to cause of the economic crisis and its moral,dimensions,Roosevelt placed blame squarely on the geed and short sightedness of bankers and businessman he defeated Herbert Hoover
-major issue Americans facing widespread unemployment
-great depression comtinue the nations economy continued to wheeze -
reform of the new deal
social security was probably the most important measure of the new deal.it provides workers with unemployment insurance,old age pensions,and insurence if they died early.workers and thier employers each paid New contributions to fun these benefits in part of Roosevelt