-
Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel cross-breeded different types of pea plant to observe the inheritance patterns of certain phenotypic traits. He discovered genes. -
Period: to
Genetics Timeline
-
William Bateson and Reginald Punnett
Cross tested flowers to observe the inheritance patterns of the difference in petal color and pollen length. They dicovered linked genes, genes located close together on the same chromosome. -
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Observed the inheritance patterns of various traits in fruit flies, mainly body color and shape of the wings. He discovered crossing over and genetic recombination, and was eventually able to map the genes on a chromosome. -
Archibald Garrod
Studied patients with a rare, virtually harmless disease that effected urine called alkaptonuria. He thought that the disease was due to a missing enzyme in the patient. His discoveries founded the study of inborn errors of metabolism. -
Frederick Griffith
Experimented with mixing different types of bacteria to attempt to understand how two non-lethal bacteria could become harmful. Discovered transformation, that different molecules can transform eacthother when put together. -
George Beadle & Edward Tatum
Used a basic bread mold to prove that genes are used to control basic metabolic functions, along with hereditary characterisitcs, and found that one gene controls the production of one enzyme. -
Erwin Chargaff
Studied multiple organisms and found the ratios of the nitrogen bases in all DNA: adenine and thymine are always found in equal amounts and always connect to each other while guanine and cytosine always bond together and always have equal amounts. -
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
Tagged DNA and different proteins during cell reprosuction to find the true genetic material that control the rest pf the body. They found DNA to be the gentic material. -
Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin
Took over 60 pictures of DNA samples and studied the shape, eventually concluding that DNA had a helix structure. -
James Watson and Francis Crick
Took a closer look ath the photos taken of DNA and decided that DNA was actually a double helix structure made of two polynucleotide strnads and a diameter of two nanometers. -
Marshall Nirenberg
Tested E. Coli with multiple combinations of three nitrogen bases to find which had a certain effect on growing protein chains. He was eventually able to solve all amino acids and find 64 different codons.
