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Mendel constructed a pea plant experiment. He breeded pea plants to see how to get one gene or another. In the experiment he discovered dominant and recessive genes and the principle of segregation.
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Bateson and Punnet crossed doubly heterozygous plants to see which color they would turn out to be. They did this experiment using sweet pea plants. They discovered linked genes and first used Punnet Squares,
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Morgan breeded fruit flies for eye colors. He discovered that that havig white eyes has something to do with being male. In his experiments, he discovered crossing over ad genetic recombination along with gene mapping.
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Garrod observed inheritd diseases. He showed that inherited diseases reflect a person's inability to makeaparticular enzyme. In these experiments he discovered the relationships between genes & proteins.
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Griffith injected with rats with two different types of bacteria. Lethal and non-lethal bacteria. He then heated the mixtures that were lethal and mixed them. The mixtures were then injected. In this expirement he discoered transformation.
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Beadle and Tatum studied strands of orange mold that couldn't grow on normal growth mediums. They observes the growth, They discovered that the function of individual genes is to dictate the production of specific enzymes.
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Chargaff studied Anenine, Thymine, Cytasine, and Guanine using models of DNA. He discovered that the amount of Adenine is equal to the amount of Thymine, and the amount of Cytasine is equal to the amount of Guanine. These are the base-pairing rules of DNA.
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Hershey and Chase used bacteriaphage composed of DNA & Proteins, Dna was tagged by radioactive phosphorus and protein was tagged with radioactive sulfur.
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Wilkins and Franklin took x-ray crystallopgraphic photgraphs of DNA. In this expiriment they discovered that DNA was a helix.
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Watson and Crick made up 2 polynucleotide strand which were combined and led to the creation of the double helix.
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Marshall constructed synthesis on artifictial RNA molecules by linking together identical RNA nucleotides having uracil as their base. This led to the discovery of genetic codes.
