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Jumonville Glen Skirmish
Battle fought during the French and Indian War in Pennsylvania over the Ohio River Valley. George Washington and his men surrounded the unsuspecting French. The initial shot was fired and the battle began, in which it lasted fifteen minutes. The French suffered thirteen casualties and twenty one were captured. Washington lost one man and three were wounded. -
Battle of Fort Necessity
The British and the French colonies wanted to expand into land that both had claimed. Young George Washington and his men built Fort Necessity. The French, under the command of James Mackay, attacked the fort and Washington surrendered. He and Mackay agreed upon and signed a document that ended the fighting with the exception that they return French prisoners, leave without return for a year, and admit to loss at Jumonville. -
Battle of Monongahela
This battle took place in Braddock Field, Pennsylvania. The British were under the command of General Edward Braddock, in which their goal was to conquer Fort Duquesne to gain control of the Ohio Country. They were defeated by the French and Canadians under the command of Captain Daniel Liénard de Beaujeu and their American Indian Allies. Braddock was wounded in battle and died. -
Fort Oswego Captured
The Battle of Fort Oswego won a victory for the French during the French and Indian War. A force of French and Canadian troops, under the command of General Montcalm, captured the British Fort Oswego in New York. Along with the fort, they obtained 1,700 prisoners and seized 121 cannons. This success removed the British from the Lake Ontario area, protecting the nearby French Fort Frontenac. -
Fort William Henry Captured
The capture of the Fort Willaim Henry, occupied by the British, was carried out by French General Louis Joseph de Montcalm. Montcalm attacked the British with his French troops along with 2,000 Indian allies. The British surrendered with the terms that they must withdraw the garrison to Fort Edward, in which the French agreed to protect them from the Indians as they do so. The Indians violated the agreed terms of surrender and attacked the British, killing soldiers and taking captives. -
General Forbes' Campaign
This was George Washington's third attempt to capture Fort Duquesne in the Ohio River Valley in Pennsylvania, which was under the control of the French. Between 6,000 and 8,000 troops were led to the fort by British General John Forbes. -
Fortress Louisbourg Captured
The Fortress Louisbourg was under French control. The British General William Pitt led the British soldiers in securing the fortress for Major General Jeffrey Amherst and James Wolfe. The French eventually surrendered on July 26th. This British victory successfully cut off French reinforcements and allowed the British to travel down the St. Lawrence River to Quebec. -
Fort Frontenac Captured
The capture of Fort Frontenac earned a major victory for the British. British Lieutenant Colonel John Bradstreet led the 2,200 soldiers to attack the fort of only 110 French soldiers. The French were forced to surrender because they were very outnumbered. This victory allowed the British to cut one of the two major supply and communication lines that connected Montreal and Quebec with the western territories of Canada. They even gained 800,000 pounds of supplies from the fort. -
Fort Duquesne Destroyed
Fort Duquesne was attacked by British troops, who were led by General John Forbes. The goal was to get the French out of the Ohio Country to give the British could have full access to Canada. Forbes ordered Major James Grant to send his soldiers to the fort, however the French and Indians defeated them. The French troops were led by François-Marie Le Marchand de Lignery. They took Major Grant as prisoner and the British retreated to Fort Ligonier. The French burned their fort and left. -
Treaty of Easton
This was the colonial agreement in North America between the British and the Native Americans of the tribes Iroquois, Lenape or Delaware, and Shawnee. This treaty was agreed upon near the Delaware River in Pennsylvania. The agreement was made that the Western Indians could not make settlements west of the Alleghenies. -
Fort Niagara Captured
The Battle of Fort Niagara was the British attempt at removing French control of the Great Lakes and Ohio River Valley, which would allow them to invade the French territory of Canada. Brigadier General John Prideaux was chosen by Amherst to lead the British troops. Upon British arrival, the French Native American allies retreated and Captain Pouchot led the defense. Prideaux was killed during battle and Sir William Johnson took leadership. The battle ended in a British victory. -
Battle of Fort Ticonderoga
The fort was originally named Fort Carillon, but was later renamed Fort Ticonderoga after the British won. General Sir Jeffrey Amherst led the 11,000 British soldiers to the fort where they found a garrison of 400 French troops. General François-Charles de Bourlamaque followed the orders of General Montcalm and New France's governor Marquis de Vaudreuil and withdrew his forces. He tried to blow up the fort, however the walls were still in tact. The British then captured the fort. -
General Montcalm and Quebec
General James Wolfe and his British troops defeated the French forces, who were under the command of General Montcalm, in the city of Quebec. This victory ensured British supremacy in Canada. At Quebec, the French forces were attacked by the British in 1759 and were forced to retreat to Montreal. However, Wolfe was wounded during battle and died the next day. -
Battle of Quebec
This battle resulted in a victory for the British under the command of General James Wolfe. The French were led by Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, however they were defeated. Wolfe was wounded during battle and died, however this victory was able to ensure British supremacy in Canada. -
Montreal
General Jeffrey Amherst led 18,000 British soldiers to the city of Montreal. The French city was surrounded and there were only 2,100 French soldiers present to defend the city. As a result, they were forced to surrender to the British after three days and the British had won another victory. This defeat ended French rule in North America. -
Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris successfully ended the French and Indian War between France and Britain. Based on the terms of the treaty, France gave up all of its territories in mainland North America, which eliminated any foreign military threat to the British. The negotiations began in 1762 when French King Louis IV called for peace, in which the British government also expressed interest in ending the war. Although Britain had many victories, the war was very expensive and led to debt. -
Pontiac's War
Native American tribes from the Great Lakes region, Illinois Country, and Ohio Country were unhappy with the British postwar policies of General Jeffrey Amherst. Their goal was to drive out the British. The Native Americans, led by Ottawa chief Pontiac, attacked British forts and settlements. They destroyed eight forts and killed hundreds of colonists. Many British settlers began to flee the region. In 1764, the British and Native Americans discussed peace negotiations for two years. -
Battle of Bushy Run
The Battle of Bushy Run took place during Pontiac's War in Western Pennsylvania. The fight was between the British, led by Colonel Henry Bouquet, and the Delaware, Shawnee, Mingo, and Huron Native American tribes. The battle resulted in a victory for Britain, who were successfully able to relieve the garrison of Fort Pitt. -
Proclamation of 1763
This proclamation was issued by British King George III, in which the goal was to keep peace with the Native Americans by keeping settlers off their lands. It forbid all settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. Private citizens and colonial governments were not allowed to buy land from or make any agreements with natives. Only licensed traders were allowed to travel there. Many colonists resented this because of their desire for good farmland.
