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The Spanish exploration led by Christopher Columbus in 1492 marked the beginning of European colonization in the Americas, shaping the course of history. -
The American Revolution, lasting from 1775 to 1783, resulted in the birth of the United States as a sovereign nation, marked by the Declaration of Independence in 1776. -
Rapid industrial growth and urbanization in the late 19th century. Industrialization transformed the U.S. from an agrarian society to an industrial powerhouse, sparking economic growth but also raising social and labor issues. -
Period of rapid economic growth and inequality. The Gilded Age was marked by wealth accumulation among a few, labor unrest, and debates over the role of government in addressing social issues.
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The conflict between Northern and Southern states over slavery and states' rights. -
Efforts to rebuild and integrate the South after the Civil War. Reconstruction aimed to address issues of citizenship, rights, and rebuilding the nation after the war's devastation.
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The women's suffrage movement was a pivotal struggle aimed at securing the right to vote for women in the United States. It culminated in the ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1920, granting women the right to participate in the democratic process. This movement marked a significant milestone in the fight for gender equality and reshaped the course of American history. -
Social and political reform in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Progressive Movement aimed to address societal issues, promote social justice, and enhance government responsiveness.
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A period of cultural change followed by a severe economic downturn. The Roaring Twenties saw cultural transformation and excess, followed by the Great Depression's economic hardship. -
Global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries, including all of the great powers, fought as part of two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. -
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension confronting between the Soviet Union and The United States.
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U.S. foreign policy changes during the Cold War. Shifts in policies such as containment, détente, and the Reagan Doctrine influenced international relations and the course of the Cold War. -
Competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union in space exploration. The Space Race marked a period of scientific advancement and technological achievement, culminating in the moon landing in 1969. -
Struggle for racial equality and civil rights. The Civil Rights Movement sought to end racial segregation and discrimination, leading to landmark changes such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964. -
U.S. involvement in the Vietnam sparked domestic protests and had a lasting impact on American society, politics, and foreign policy. -
Ronald Regan’s economic policies, collectively known as Reaganomics, sought to stimulate growth through tax cuts, reduced government spending, and deregulation. These policies had far-reaching effects on sectors such as finance, industry, and commerce, fostering an environment of entrepreneurship and market-driven expansion. -
Collapse of the Soviet Union ended the ideological standoff between superpowers. -
The Information Age brought about the internet, digital revolution, and globalization, transforming the way people live, work, and interact. -
Terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, leading to global changes in security and foreign policy. The September 11, 2001 attacks had profound implications, leading to heightened security measures, U.S. military actions, and changes in foreign policy.