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Signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt as part of the New Deal, this act created programs to reduce surplus and raise crop prices in order to help farmers. Farmers were eligible to receive subsidy payments in exchange for agreeing to reduce production of certain commodity crops. -
The law gave the President authority to impose quotas
when imports interfered with agricultural adjustment
programs. -
The law provided for soil-conservation and soilbuilding payments to participating farmers but did not
include strong price- and income-support programs. -
Expanded the soil conservation efforts the 1933 act with provisions for water conservation and erosion in semi-arid regions. This act sought to prevent the displacement of sharecroppers and tenant farmers. -
This law is intended to ensure that foods are pure and wholesome,
safe to eat, and produced under sanitary conditions;
that drugs and devices are safe and effective for their
intended uses; that cosmetics are safe and made from
appropriate ingredients; and that all labeling and packaging is truthful, informative, and not deceptive. -
Signed by President Truman, this act enacted several agricultural policy reforms, including mandatory price supports for basic commodities at 90% of parity.
Parity is defined as, "a fair exchange value for agricultural products." -
Under this new law, basic crops—wheat, cotton, corn, tobacco, peanuts, and rice—will be supported at 90 per cent of parity in 1950, 80 to 90 per cent of parity in 1951, and 75 to 90 per cent thereafter.
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Signed by President Eisenhower, this act established the primary U.S. overseas food assistance program. The program made U.S. agricultural commodities available through long-term credit at low interest rates and provided food donations. -
This Act provided for a new-price support
program for wool and mohair to encourage a certain
level of domestic production (set at 300 million
pounds for 1955). -
It established a flexible price support for basic commodities (excluding tobacco) at 82.5-90 percent of parity and authorized a Commodity Credit Corporation reserve for foreign and domestic relief.
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This law began the Soil Bank
Act which authorized short- and long-term removal of
land from production with annual rental payments to
participants. -
The law authorized USDA farm-lending activities. -
The law gave the President the power to impose mandatory production controls. This power was subject to approval by two-thirds of the producers of a commodity before controls
could be put into effect. -
This law authorized a 2-year voluntary marketing certificate program for wheat and a payment-in-kind (PIK) program for cotton.
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The law provided the basis for the Food Stamp Program. -
This law was the
first multi-year farm legislation, providing for 4-year
commodity programs for wheat, feed grains, and
upland cotton. It authorized a Class I milk base
plan for the 75 Federal milk marketing orders, and a
long-term diversion of cropland under a Cropland
Adjustment Program. The law also continued payment
and diversion programs for feed grains and cotton and
certificate and diversion programs for wheat. -
The law, in effect
through 1973, established the cropland set-aside program and a payment limitation per producer (set at
$55,000 per crop). It also amended and extended the
authority of the Class I Base Plan in milk marketing
order areas. -
The law increased price and income supports and established a farmer owned reserve for grain. It also established a new two tiered pricing program for peanuts. Under the peanut program, producers were given an acreage allotment on which a poundage quota was set. Growers could produce in excess of their quota, within their acreage allotment, but would receive the higher of the two price-support levels only for the quota amount.
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The law expanded crop insurance into a national program with the authority to cover the majority of crops. -
The law continued programs and goals in effects since the 1930’s. Itset specific target prices for 4 years, eliminated rice
allotments and marketing quotas, and lowered dairy supports. -
The law allowed lowerprice and income supports, lowered
dairy supports, established a dairy herd buyout program, and created a Conservation Reserve Program under which the Federal Government entered into long-term land retirement contracts on qualifying land. -
The 5-year farm bill continued to move agriculture in a
market-oriented direction. It froze target prices and
allowed more planting flexibility. The law established a
Rural Development Administration (RDA) in the U.S.
Department of Agriculture to administer programs
relating to rural and small community development. It also extended and improved the Food Stamp Program and other domestic nutrition programs and made major changes in the operation. -
The law removed the link between
income support payments and farm prices by providing for predetermined production flexibility contract
payments whereby participating producers receive
government payments independent of current farm
prices and production. The law specifies the total
amount of money to be made available through contract payments under production flexibility contracts
for each fiscal year from 1996 through 2002. -
The act directs approximately 16.5 billion dollars of funding toward agricultural subsidies each year. These subsidies have a dramatic effect on the production of grains, oilseeds, and upland cotton.
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This act contains 15 titles covering support for commodity crops, horticulture and livestock production, conservation, nutrition, trade and food aid, agricultural research, farm credit, rural development, energy, forestry, and other related programs.
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. The 2014 Farm Act makes major changes in commodity programs, adds new crop insurance options, streamlines conservation programs, modifies some provisions of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and expands programs for specialty crops, organic farmers, bioenergy, rural development, and beginning farmers and ranchers. -
This act provided a new statutory definition of “hemp” and amended the definition of marijuana under 21 and the listing of tetrahydrocannabinols under 21.
