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Description: this was the U.S. law that removed Native American tribes by force from their homes.
Significance: this is what caused the Trail of Tears, in which thousands of Native Americans died.
Key Players: Creek, Chickasaw, Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole Nations, and President Andrew Jackson. -
Description: Tribes were forced to leave their homes, especially the Cherokee, into Indian Territory.
Significance: there were a lot of Cherokee who died because of the power the U.S. had.
Key Players: U.S. army and Cherokee Nation. -
U.S. reserved lands for Native Americans, but these lands were usually far from their homes.
Significance: The U.S. government limited American Indians to certain areas, curtailed their access to hunting, and restricted their cultural life.
Key Players: Bureau of Indian Affairs, and U.S. Congress. -
Description: The U.S. Army raided the Cheyenne and Arapaho village in Colorado.
Significance: The deaths of hundreds of Native Americans, primarily women and children, occurred. This was a direct result of U.S. policies that many protested.
Key Players: Colonel John Chivington, Cheyenne and Arapaho chiefs, and their peoples. -
Description: U.S. troops were defeated by the Native American troops in Montana.
Significance:The Native Americans won, but it took a much more brutal military response to achieve that victory.
Key Players: Crazy Horse, General George Custer, and Sitting Bull . -
Description: They were dividing Indian land into individual parcels in hopes of creating a class of Indian farmers
Significance: This caused the forfeiture of Native American lands and led to the obliteration of vast tribal heritage.
Key Players:The U.S. Congress and Native American Tribes. -
Description: The U.S. troops killed over 250 Lakota Sioux. That count includes women and children.
Significance: This marked the end of armed Native resistance to U.S. government authority.
Key Players: U.S. 7th Cavalry and Lakota Sioux. -
Description: U.S. citizenship was granted to those Native Americans born in the United States.
Significance:Most states still limit them, yet they are now granted voting rights. Key Players: Native Americans and President Calvin Coolidge. -
Description: This event brought to an end the Dawes Act. It gave back some of the land.
Significance: The first significant movement toward tribal control occurred
Key Players: Bureau of Indian Affairs and John Collier. -
Description: It's a U.S. law that assists Indigenous languages.
Significance:A cultural rebirth reversed the decades of assimilation programs.
Key Players: Native educators and U.S. Congress.