-
Germanic tribes invade England, bringing their languages, which eventually merge to form Old English.
-
St. Augustine introduces Christianity to England, leading to the introduction of Latin and Christian terminology into the English language. Suspected date of Beowulf's writing 8th-11th century.
-
King Alfred the Great becomes king of Wessex and promotes the use of English as a literary language.
-
The Norman Invasion introduces French into the English language, leading to significant changes in vocabulary and grammar.
-
The University of Oxford is founded, becoming a center of learning and language development.
-
Chaucer writes The Canterbury Tales, a foundational work of Middle English literature.
-
The invention of the printing press by William Caxton helps standardize the English language.
-
The discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus leads to the introduction of new words and concepts into the English language.
-
The Spanish Armada's defeat marks the beginning of England's rise as a global power, leading to increased language contact and borrowing.
-
Publication of Shakespeare's First Folio, a collection of his plays that helps establish Modern English literature.
-
The American Revolution leads to the development of American English, with distinct vocabulary and pronunciation.
-
World War II accelerates language change, with the introduction of new military and technological terms.
-
The rise of SMS and instant messaging