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Common School
Horace Mann, who was a reformer of Massachusetts wanted a free education system for all children regardless of religion or social class.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
Hampton Institute
Started as a agricultural college, and a normal school for freed slaves by General Samuel Chapman Armstrong. Later in 1900, Hampton took over Penn School, which was founded by Laura Towne.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
Women Teacher's Rebellion
During this time around 75% of teachers were female, but only had a small amount of females in the administration with their power decreasing from higher authorities. They felt dictated, and had little to no power to help themselves.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
American Federation of Teachers
Through collective bargaining, and teachers going on strike they have helped their members by getting better wages, sick leaves, and academic freedom.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/American-Federation-of-Teachers -
Progressive Education
One of the most influential educational philosophers was John Dewey, who did not like how classrooms were structured. He wanted both teachers and students to be free, and wanted to provide the best learning experience for all kids. He would eventually become the standard bearer for Progressive Education.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
Brown vs. Board of Education
The Supreme Court made an unanimous decision that schools segregating black students is unconstitutional, and schools must desegregate their school effectively immediately. This resulted in getting rid of the phrase "Separate but equal"
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
National Education Defense Act (NDEA)
A satellite was released into space. The U.S. wanted to contribute due to lack of faith in their technology. This led to the creation of NDEA. Creating NDEA helped give funding to schools, and helped students with college tuition.
https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Sputnik_Spurs_Passage_of_National_Defense_Education_Act.htm -
Swann vs. Charlotte-Mecklenburg County of Board of Education
This court case happened 16 years after the Brown vs. Board of Education court case. The Swann's who were an African American family in Charlotte, North Carolina, decided to go to court when their children were not allowed to attend the towns all white school. in the ruling the Supreme court argued that all-black, and all-white schools may not result in deliberate policies of segregation.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
Standards Movement
The movement is primarily relating to curriculum, teacher training, and student performance and achievement. This would indicate what students should know.
https://www.pbs.org/onlyateacher/timeline.html -
No Child Left Behind Act
The main focus of the act is to provide children with an equal and fair opportunity to gain a high-quality education.
https://www.k12.wa.us/policy-funding/grants-grant-management/every-student-succeeds-act-essa-implementation/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-esea/no-child-left-behind-act-2001#:~:text=The%20No%20Child%20Left%20Behind,and%20once%20in%20high%20school.
