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The Impact of Horace Mann
Horace Mann believed that a US citizen could not be ignorant and free. That we needed to have a better education system. He also was very influential in getting better training for teachers. These would be called normal schools. His ideas were the basis for our public elementary schools today -
Population Growth and Immigration in the 19th century
Between 1880 and 1900, cities in the United States grew at a dramatic rate.We -
The Progressive Reform Movement
The main objective of the Progressive movement was eliminating corruption in government. The Progressives worked hard to reform and modernize the schools at the local level. The era was notable for a dramatic expansion in the number of schools and students served, especially in the fast-growing metropolitan cities -
Secondary School Movement
This is the start of high schools. They were founded to teach students more life skills (e.g. farming, sowing, etc) and spread like wild fire when they first started. They were free and mostly open to the public. -
The Impact of WW2
In elementary schools, high schools, and universities, the war affected enrollment, the availability of teachers and professors, lessons and curriculum, extracurricular activities, and student culture. It also brought militarized forms of student involvement and spurred patriotic fundraising, salvaging, saving, and thrift campaigns regarded as essential to the war effort at home. -
Brown vs. Board of Education, 1954
In December of 1954 the supreme court had cases from 6 states pending on their dockets. The cases were in regards to segregation in the schools. Many black families wanted their children to go to an all white school so that they could get a better education. With the help of the NAACP they won the case and the supreme court ruled that separate verse equal was not ok and that the schools had to integrate -
The Civil Rights Movement & The War on Poverty
The war on poverty was started by Lyndon B Johnson in 1964 and 65 when he signed the ESEA act. There are many parts to this act but the one that focus on schools is title 1 schools. This gave schools in poorer areas more money. The civil rights movement also had a huge impact because now all students (black and white) are getting a good education. It made education accessible to everyone. Most of the programs like food stamps, head start, medicare, etc are still in effect today. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act, 1965
This was Lyndon B Johnson's fight on poverty. This act gave the federal government more involvement in the education system.This was also the start of title 1 schools. Funding is distributed first to state educational agencies (SEAs) and than local educational agencies (LEAs) which in turn dispense funds to public schools in need. Title I also helps children from families that have migrated to the United States and youth from intervention programs who are neglected or at risk of abuse. -
Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act, 1975
IDEA was originally enacted by Congress in 1975 to ensure that children with disabilities have the opportunity to receive a free appropriate public education, just like other children. The law has been revised many times over the years. This act was signed by President Gerald Ford and was named the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. The name was later changed. -
The Standards Movement
With the publication of A Nation at Risk in 1983 the modern education standards movement was underway in the United States and continues to the present. States have worked throughout the past decade to put academic standards into place. As of 2001, 49 states and the District of Columbia have at least some academic standards -
A Nation at Risk Report, 1983
Among other things, the report contributed to the ever-growing assertion that American schools were failing, and it touched off a wave of local, state, and federal reform efforts. This made the school day and year longer. Also raised the standards for graduation by starting and emphasizing standardized testing. -
School Choice Movement: Charter Schools, Vouchers
The school choice movement is where the public is now given the choice as to which school they want to attend. The parents now also have the choice if they want their children to attend a private school, charter school or home school. Vouchers is government money given to these alternative schools to help the parents have options and give their children the best education. -
No Child Left Behind act of 2001
President George W Bush signed this into law as the most recent update to the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965. This law significantly increased the federal role in holding schools responsible for the academic progress of all students. And it put a special focus on ensuring that states and schools boost the performance of certain groups of students, such as English-language learners, students in special education, and poor and minority children -
Growth of Standardized Testing
Standardized testing is the most commonly used and well known
method of testing used in the United States.A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner. This idea really took off with the no child left behind act. This act focused more on testing and numbers. -
ESSA 2015
This piece of law comes right the no child left behind act. This law modified the no child left behind act. The students will still have standardized testing however the accountability for a school failing or passing was passed more to the states than the government.
