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Jefferson proposes Two-track Educational System
President Thomas Jefferson proposes that schools have a "two-track" system. This would give the title of either "laboring" and the "learned". In his words "raking a few geniuses from the rubbish." -
Pennsylvania charges the rich for school
Pennsylvania constitution calls for the poor to get free school, and the rich to pay for their education. -
Native Americans learning in another language
Congress passes the law to make it illegal for Native Americans to be taught in their Native languages -
Plessy Vs. Ferguson
Homer Adolph Plessy and John H. Ferguson created a case in which Plessy filed a petition claiming that Judge Ferguson violated the 14th amendment. The ruling "separate but equal" was the end of this court case. This rule only applied to politics and civil rights, not social rights. -
Brown vs. The Board of Education, Topeka
Brown v The board of Education all started because a Father named Oliver Brown was refused by the all whites elementary school for his daughter to enroll, even though it was way closer, making it more convenient for little Linda Brown to go to school. Oliver then took the case to the courts with the argument this went against the 14th amendment. The ruling stood as the plaintiff was being deprived of the equal protection of the 14th amendment. -
Tinker vs. Des Moines
Mary Beth Tinker and her brother wanted to protest the Vietnam War, so they wore black arm-bands to school. Adminstration prohibited them from wearing these in fear it would cause a disruption. When the students failed to remove the arm-bands they were removed from the school. At court the Supreme Court ruled the students actions were protected by the First Amendment. Ruling "students do not leave their rights at the schoolhouse door" -
Title IX
This federal law was put in place in the U.S got to assure there's no gender discrimination in the schools. It also applies to sexual assult in education. This bill applies to any K-12 school using federal funding. -
Miliken vs. Bradley
A supreme court rules schools can not be desegregated across school districts. This would legally segregate colored students in the inner-city from wealthy white students in the suburbs. -
Education of all Handicapped Children
This federal law ensures public schools will have the appropriate educational services for children with disabilities. This was brought to the courts to not only ensure schools have the appropriate educational services but to also to provide federal funds for schools to educate students with disabilities. -
Pyler vs. Doe
The case of Pyler vs. Doe was a court case to help undocumented students to be funded. It was argued that the 14th amendment was being violated by not treating these undocumented students unequally. -
Pfeiffer v. Marion Center Area School District
Arlene Pfeiffer was kicked out of her schools National Honor Society after they found out she was pregnant. The council decided to dismiss her claiming the behavior of her premarital pregnancy was inconsistent with the values held within the program. The district court found no violation of Title IX, but Court of Appeals found the district court ignored the testimony of a past male student who participated in NHS while publically admitting to fathering a child during the program. -
Grutter vs. Bollinger
Barbara Grutter argued that her 14th amendment was violated when Michigans Law school attempt to receive a diverse pupils resulted in her application being denied. The Supreme Court disagreed and ruled colleges have legit interest in promoting diversity.