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Czar Nicholas ll.
Russian empire covered 1/6th of the Earths surface. Included nearly 150 million people of more than 100 nationalities.
Industrialization lagged behind western Europe and North America,
Shortages were common of food and fuel. Workers rebelled for better wages/working conditions.
Russia was torn apart by the war until 1922. Between 1920-1922 nearly 5 million people starved.
USSR -the first communist state.
Became ruled by Stalin in 1929. Destroyed the entire country by communism. -
15 million soldiers killed. Canada lost 66,000.
Pitted Britain, France, Russia against Germany and Austria Hungary. Other countries were later drawn into the conflict.
Many European countries borrowed money from the United States and later owed them back over 7 billion US dollars.
Canadian government cost more than 2.5 million a day.
Income tax is around because of the interest payments on the war debt - totaled 164 million plus 76 million for soldiers pensions. -
Was signed after WW1.
Germany had to pay reparation payments - payments for war damages in Britain, France, Russia, and other countries.
John Maynard Keynes said it would cripple Germany and lead to another war.
Had to pay a total of 33 billion in cash. -
Killed 6 million people - communism, didn't give food to people he didn't like, they died, famine, etc.
Set up communism.
Made his country become an industrial and military giant. -
1920s - consumer spending rose heavily and people began investing in the stock market.
People borrowed from the bank to "get rich quick".
There was a natural decrease in spending but not a decrease in production.
Job cuts due to less spending.
People sold their children just to have money to pay back the loans.
We now know how to deal with this problem should it ever arise again. -
Elected into government in 1933 - dissolved parliament and became a dictator.
Controlled everyday life, convinced everyone Germans were the master race.
Killed Jews simply because he did not like them.
Majorly racist and insane. -
More than 50 countries involved.
More than 60 million people died.
Between 10 and 26 million killed in German death camps.
Hitler invaded Poland. The war started.
Loads of jobs created because of the war.
Industrial productivity increased by 96% and corporate profits after taxes doubled. -
Initial aim was to help rebuild European countries devastated by World War 2.
Big loans.
Current goals - increase growth and reduce poverty in developing countries.
Original goals - lend money to help war-torn countries. Speed up economic process and industrialization in countries. Help countries develop natural resources. Negotiate long-term loans.
Keeps everybody from killing each other because they all have debt. -
Comprised of Representatives from 44 countries.
Delegates were trying to figure out how they could prevent the economic turmoil that could lead to another World War.
The WB and IMF were developed. -
Promotes international financial stability and monetary cooperation.
Facilitates international trade, promotes employment and sustainable economic growth, helps reduce global poverty.
Currency - exchange rates.
Small loans.
Original goals - S=set up dependable international exchange rates for world currencies. Establish international economic stability and promote foreign trade.
Current goals - provide emergency short-term loans to countries. Promote good governance. Get rid of corruption. -
A legal agreement between many countries - overall purpose was to promote international trade by reducing or eliminating trade barriers such as tariffs or quotas.
Agreed to gradually get rid of tariffs and other trade barriers between countries. -
Intergovernmental organization that regulates and facilitates international trade between nations.
Replaced the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.