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The approximate point in history that agriculture started to be practiced, about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago
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The most recent ice age is believed to have ended 10,000 to 15,000 years ago, and the climate change that the Earth underwent after it ended is what allowed the practice of agriculture to develop.
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- The creation of the Code of Hammurabi is the most important event to have occurred before 1500 AD. The more reasonable laws and regulations included have shaped the modern judicial system in the West to be what it is today, as crime is still a huge issue, and everyone deserves fair treatment, probably more than at the time of Hammurabi when there would have been even more segregation due to race, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, disabilities, and more than there is now.
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- Yes, this development represented a turning point for this civilization. I define turning point as the moment that a society/civilization starts to rethink everything. All the actions taken by every leader they'd ever had, and those of everyone else. When significant progress towards a different goal is obviously evident.
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The more extreme punishments that can be found in the original code have been adopted to be humane, but will still weigh heavily on the conscience of criminals. Prior to the invention of this Code, there were laws specifically targeting particular ethnic groups. This code was the first totally inclusive, and the longest, and most official of its kind, with its primitive predecessors pale imitations of itself.
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- Muslim countries do not use laws or laws based on ideas from the Code of Hammurabi. They also have some of the highest rates of serious crimes including murder and rape in the world. There is possibly a direct correlation between the two.
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- During the Qing dynasty, trade in China began to deteriorate because its leaders wouldn't allow European goods to be imported. At this time, silk from China was in high demand, and they would only trade it for gold from England, which England didn't agree with. The British instead sent opium, a product that both countries had accepted, and was quickly integrated into the lives of many citizens of China. Nevertheless, the drug was highly addictive and was soon banned from China, leading
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England to begin an illegal exportation and smuggling business into China. This led to the Opium Wars, with the first one from 1839-1842 and the second from 1856-1860. These conflicts seriously affected China and has long been thought to have been a causal event to the decline of the Chinese Empire.
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- I would say that the unintended consequences would have been the Opium Wars, the indemnity of ~$21 million that China was forced to pay, and the strained relationship between China and England.
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I would say that the idea of the British having a product that the Chinese were as desperate for as the British were for tea from China was very appealing to the British, as having commercial control over China would have been desirable as the Chinese had that hold on them through the export of tea. Maybe they wanted the British to be so dependent on a product for this reason,
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- The Opium Wars, a large unintended consequence of the opium trade between Britain and China, seems to have had a mixed impact on the people of China. First of all, the mass use of smoking-opium declined, which is a positive impact. However, the use of this substance was replaced by more powerful, harmful drugs like heroin and morphine. Also, the Chinese government lost lots of money, and due to inflation, if that indemnity had occurred recently it would have been much more than $21 million,
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and these conflicts might have affected international trade as Britain forced China to legalize opium trade, which would have strained their relationship. I doubt that this outcome would have been obvious to either country at the time that opium trade began, but I might be wrong.
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Between the 1930's and the late 1960's, The Green Revolution accelerated new methods and technologies that increased agricultural production worldwide, including the transition from animal to mechanical power, the increased the use of chemical fertilizers, agro-chemicals and synthetic pesticides, and single cropping
