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Martin Luther was one of the first people to believe in accessable education of everyone. He supported this by translating the bible in to the vernacular language, so that people could learn in their own language. He also supported the idea of teaching everyone to read at a young age and encouraged literacy in adults.
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Comenius directed that learning should start early in life. He also stated that learning should be sense based.
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Rousseau, Wollstonecraft, Owen and Froebel follow the path of Luther and Locke to push education as a neccessesity. They also started the movement toward community learning.
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John Dewey developed the Progressive Education Theory. This is a child-centered curriculum that draws leassons from the child's home life.
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Abraham Maslow developed his theory stating that motivation is based on the ability to have needs met. Basic life essentials need to be met first, and then working up from there to self-actualization to reach potential.
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Urie Bronfenbrenner developed ecological theory of learning. This theory discusses the way relationships play a roll in education.
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US Supreme Court ruled that segrefation is unconstitutional. This allowed African Americans the right to attend the same schools as Caucasian and thus the same quality of education.
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When the Soviet Union luanched Sputnik, Congress in the US created the National Defense of Education Act. This provided funding for STEM classes and foreign language. This was also the birth of federal education standards.