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Colony videosOverview and backgroundFirst permanent English colony in the Americas
Famine, conflict, and conflict with indigenous tribes marked the initial years, but eventual alliances helped expansion -
OverviewHistory overview1619 Dutch ship containing Africans to VIrginia colony
Either had slaves or indentured servants -
Plymouth Colony FactsOverview of PilgrimsPlymouth colony founded in Massachusetts by WIlliam Bradford and Mayflower Pilgrims (from England)
May have landed at Cape Code first in November -
Salem VideoA series of hearings and prosecuttions in Massachusetts colony
resulted in execution of 20 suspected witches (mostly women) -
Causes, Effects, and Sumary1754-1763, also known as Seven Years' War
definitive of imperial conflcit between France and England
France expanded into Ohio River Valley and conflict arose from English claims
England support by colonists and Indians
France supported by indians (most favored for limited intrusion and trade) -
The Boston MassacreConflict in Boston between crowd of unarmed citizens and British soldiers
Lead to death of several colonists and fueled tensions and movemements towards citizenry -
Sons of Liberty and Tea PartyPolitical Protest by Sos of LIberty
Direct response to 1773 British Tea Act (support East Indian Tea Co)
Dumped tea into harbor and lead to 1774 Coercive Acts -
The Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence and severed ties with Great Britain.
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The treaty of paris, signed by representatives of Ameerican colonies and Great Brtain ended the Revolutionary War and the colonies gained indpendence, They also gained land eat of the Missippi river.
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Initiiated by Daniel Shays of Massachusetts and started summer of 1786 and ended winter of 1787. Disgruntled farmers (especially in Massachusetts) revolted and harrassied merchants and tax collectors. No real danger, however, influenced many politicians to revise Articles of Confederation (to Constitution).
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By March 4, the government agreed the Constitution would be in use by this date. It had been ratified by states in the year before and established a completely new form of government (initial plans to revise Artciles of Confederation were ignored). Bill of Rights ratified my majority of states in same year.
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in 1791 Alexander Hamilton intitated levy on whiskey to provide steady revenue for government. Americans, especially in Wetern Pennsylvania (produced and sold), discontented and lead to rebellion. Washington soon extinguished with state militias.
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After 1803 Jefferson purchase of Lousisina from France, Lewis and Clark commissioned to explore and map the land and find a water route to the Pacific Ocean.
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Many causes (British trade restrictinos of US, British abuse of US seamen, and US expansion) led to war of 1812 between US and Great Britain (Canada and some natives). Ended in 1815 with Treat of Ghent and US victory.
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Missouri wanted to join Union as slave state in 1819 ( would upset balance of slave and free states) Compromise added Misouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state and drew line in Lousisina territory to divide slave and free.
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Southerners wanted Indian land to cultivate cotton and Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy marched Indians to Indiana territory in harsh marches.
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After revolution, texas gained independence and drafted a constitution that protected slavery. Texas wished to be admitted to the Union, but remained independent until 1845 (because antislavery and mexican advocates opposed)
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initiated with skirmish in Rio Grande river that set off war between divided and unprepared Mexico against US with James K Polk and Manfiest Destiny mentality. Ended in 1848 with US victory and Mexico's loss of California, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, and Arizona.Ended with Treay of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
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Gold was found in Sacramento Valley in California and set off 1849-1855 Gold Rush. thousands rushed to prospect and boom cities quickly developed in california.
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Compromise solved divisions brought on by land gains from Mexican-American war. Admitted California as a free state, created Utah and New mexico territories, which woudl solve slavery with popular soverighnty, and ended the slave trade in Washington DC.
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Overturned Missouri COmpromise with popular sovereighnty as determining factor for slavery. Originated with Kansas terriotory admitance (mostly Missouri migrants) and eventually led to Bleeding kansas that led to Civil war.
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16th president elected Republican over a highly divided Democratic party. Republic victory signaled secession of Southern States.
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1861-1865: Pitted Union(noth) and Confederate(south) armies in bloody war. First undistrialized war with maximum casualties and eventual Union victory. 1865 13th Maendment added and completely abolished slavery.
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Railroad completedPacifc and Eastern railroads meet at Promontory, utah. 1862 Pacificf Railroad Act allowed railroads to intitiate and began building to connect East and West.
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Radical Republicans pushed Reconstruction to highly progressive levels. However, by the early 1870s, the South regained white supremacy with radical groups (KKK) and when and 1874 Depression plunged the South into poverty, the Demoncrats took control. They contested for Missippi and when presidnt Ulysses Grant did not send troops. In 1876 COmpromise, Rutherford B Hayes gave southern contorl to the democrats in exchange for ackowledgment of his election- this ended the federal reconstruction.
