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Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin was born on May 12, 1910 in Cairo. Daughter of John Winter Crowfoot and Grace Crowfoot -
Dorothy entered Sir John Leman's Primary School in Beccles, one of only two girls allowed to study chemistry.
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At the age of 18, he began studying chemistry at Somerville College in Oxford (received first class honors).
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The university appointed her as its first researcher and tutor in chemistry, a position she held until 1977.
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She was awarded his Ph.D. for his research work in X-ray crystallography and sterol chemistry.
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Dorothy married Thomas Lionel Hodgkin, He was an intermittent member of the Communist Party and later wrote several important works on African politics and history. ( with him she had 3 children)
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Dorothy along with C. H. Carlisle, published the first three-dimensional biomolecular structure, which was a steroid: cholesteryl iodide
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She and her colleagues discovered the structure of penicillin, demonstrating (in contrast to the scientific opinion of the time) that it contains a β-lactam ring.
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Dorothy first encountered vitamin B12 and created new crystals, her structure at that time was almost completely unknown, she deduced the presence of a ring structure, as the crystals were pleochroic with X-rays
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Along with scientific colleagues he was one of the first people to travel from Oxford to Cambridge to see the double helix model of DNA structure. -
Dorothy was appointed Research Professor at the Royal Society in Wolfson, a position she held until 1970 -
Dorothy, after much effort, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, the only British woman scientist to win a Nobel Prize in any of the three sciences.
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She was the second woman in 60 years, to be appointed to the Order of Merit by a king or queen.
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She became president of the Pugwash Conference and served longer than anyone who preceded or succeeded her in this position.(She resigned in 1988)
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Dorothy accepted the Lenin Peace Prize from the Soviet government in recognition of her work for peace and disarmament.