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He cultured pea plants because they were easily controlled for mating and had readily distinguishable varieties. It showed how parents pass off their traits to their offspring
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They experimented with two characteristics in sweet peas, flower color and pollen shape, and discovered inheritance patterns that were totally inconsistant with Mendelian principles
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He bred fruit flies and discovered linked genes and what crossing over was.
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He concluded that alkaptonuric people don't have the enzyme alkapton, which causes dark urine, and is a genetic defect. This proved that the majority of genetic defects are caused by a single gene
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He attempted to prevent pneumonia infections by combining a lethal pneumonia cell with a non- lethal pneumonia cell, which caused the non lethal cells to become lethal. This proved that bacteria could change shapes by transformation.
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They experimented by growing orange bread mold and examined strains that wouldn't grow on the usual simple growth medium.
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He studied a lot of different oraganisms and found that adenine equaled thymine and guanine equaled cytosine in its DNA.
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They infected E-Coli with T2 phage and labeled it with radioactive material so he could tell what was being infected, and proved that genetic material infects and isn't a protein.
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They took x-ray crystallographic photographs of protein structures and found that DNA was a helix.
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They looked at the photo taken by Rosalind Franklin closer and found that DNA was a double helix and that it was made of two polynucleotide starnds.
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He cracked the genetic code by using sap in a test tube and using controlled RNA and DNA.
