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  -Frederick Griffith worked with virulent S and nonvirulent R strain Pneumoccocus bacteria
 -He found that R strain could become virulent when it took in DNA from heat-killed S strain
 -Study suggested that DNA was probably the genetic material
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  Erwin Chargaff showed the amounts of the four bases on DNA ( A,T,C,G)
 In a body or somatic cell:
 A = 30.3%
 T = 30.3%
 G = 19.5%
 C = 19.9%
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  Rosalind Franklin took diffraction x-ray photographs of DNA crystals which showed the structure of DNA as a helix.
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  Watson & Crick built the first model of DNA using Franklin’s x-rays