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The March marked the beginning of fascist rule and meant the doom of the preceding parliamentary regimes of socialists and liberals. -
Serving in the Russian Civil War before overseeing the Soviet Union's establishment in 1922, Stalin assumed leadership over the country following Lenin's death in 1924. -
Mein Kampf promoted the key components of Nazism: rabid antisemitism, a racist worldview, and an aggressive foreign policy. -
to initiate rapid and large-scale industrialization across the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics -
Japan invaded the Chinese province of Manchuria in 1931. By 1937 Japan controlled large sections of China, and war crimes against the Chinese became commonplace. They also Sought raw materials to fuel their growing industries -
Holodomor is а genocide of the Ukrainian nation committed in 1932–1933. The leadership of the Soviet Union committed it in order to suppress Ukrainians and ultimately eliminate Ukrainian resistance to the regime, including efforts to build an independent Ukrainian state. -
the Nazi Party, assumes control of the German state when German President Paul von Hindenburg appoints Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler as Chancellor at the head of a coalition government -
A purge in which Adolf Hitler and the regime of Nazi Germany targeted members of the Sturmabteilung (SA), the paramilitary wing of the Nazi Party, as well as past opponents of the party. -
The Nuremberg Laws were antisemitic and racist laws that were enacted in Nazi Germany, at a special meeting of the Reichstag convened during the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party. -
The Second Italo-Ethiopian War also referred to as the Second Italo-Abyssinian War, was a war of aggression that was fought between Italy and Ethiopia from October 1935 to February 1937. In Ethiopia, it is often referred to simply as the Italian Invasion, and in Italy as the Ethiopian War. -
The Anti-Comintern Pact was an agreement between Germany, Italy and Japan, that they would work together to stop the spread of Communism around the globe. This was aimed squarely at the USSR. Germany and Italy had worked well during the Spanish Civil War and had brought about a fascist victory over communism. -
In what became known as the “Rape of Nanking,” the Japanese butchered an estimated 150,000 male “war prisoners,” massacred an additional 50,000 male civilians, and raped at least 20,000 women and girls of all ages, many of whom were mutilated or killed in the process. -
Nazis in Germany torched synagogues, vandalized Jewish homes, schools and businesses, and murdered close to 100 Jews. The aftermath of Kristallnacht some 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to Nazi concentration camps. After Kristallnacht, conditions for German Jews grew increasingly worse.