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Nov 18, 1500
First Occupants
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Period: Nov 18, 1500 to
Culture & Currents of thoughts
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Nov 18, 1505
Spirituality
-Shamanism (priest/medicine man)
-Myths and legends
-Dream catchers -
Nov 18, 1510
Social Relationships
-Respect for elders
-Traditions
-Freedom of actions (no written laws, no private property) -
Nov 18, 1515
Respect of nature
-Animism (all living things have a soul)
-Circle of life -
Nov 18, 1520
Communication and exchange
-Oral traditions
-Song and dance
-Ceremonies -
French Regime
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What Louis XIV did to help the colony
Louis XIV was gaining control in Europe but not in his colony New France.
2 main problems:
(1) Economy and population weren't developing
(2) Dealing with constant Iroquois attacks
2 solutions:
(1) The king ended monopoly and instaured the Royal Government (helps with the population and economy)
(2) Sent soldiers to Canada to fight the Iroquois (helps with the Iroquois attacks and with the population because the soldiers were asked to stay after their duty was over and live in New France) -
Catholism
Catholism is when the power of the Church became very important and if you didn't do what the Church wanted you would be excommunicated.
Church plays a key role in defining morally acceptable behavior and spreads its ideas by controlling education. -
Life in New France
The settlers in New France were much happier because there was a lot of poverty and starving in France. In New France, everyone had to become very independent; by doing so, they became their own distinct set of people called Canadians. That is why they didn’t feel the need to leave after the British Conquest because they didn’t feel as though they were French but that they were Canadian. -
British Regime
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How the Government Functioned
There was a Constitutional Monarchy and a Parliamentary Democracy whichs means that the Queen and the Governor General only had symbolic power because all decisions and laws had to be passed through the parliament. There was a federal, provincial, and municipal government which were each broken down into executive, legislative, and judicial sections. -
Liberalism
A political or social philosophy advocating the freedom of the individual, parliamentary systems of government, nonviolent modification of political, social, or economic institutions to assure unrestricted development in all spheres of human endeavour, and governmental guarantees of individual rights and civil liberties.
(Basically, freedom of the people) -
Ultramontanism
The policy of the party in the Roman Catholic Church that favours increasing and enhancing the power and authority of the pope.
(The people who basically worship the Church and want it to be in control of everything) -
Anticlericalism
Opposed to the influence and activities of the clergy or the church in secular or public affairs. (Those who really don’t like the Church) (Don’t want it to be in charge of everything, want it to be separated from the government) -
Imperialism
The policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies. (Being loyal to the mother country).
This was an issue in the British Regime because some people are loyal to the French and some are loyal to the English. -
Agriculturism
Push to support farmers/farming
(Farmers are better people; more family values) (Duplessis really liked agriculturism) -
Contemporary Period
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Capitalism
An economic system in which investment in ad ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations, especially as contrasted to cooperatively or state-owned means of wealth. (Individual decides what you need; control your economy; choose what you want to do) (Do whatever will make you the most money) -
Socialism
A theory or system of social organization that advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution, of capital, land, etc., in the community as a whole. (Community decides what you need, do whatever will make the whole community the most money) -
Nationalism
In its broadest sense, it is a devotion to one's own nation and its interests over those of all other nations. (Don't want allegiance (ties) to the mother country.)
-Britain expected its colonies to obey and follow its command, but this wasn’t always the case. In Canada some people did not want to obey Great Britain. -
Laicism
The nonclerical, or secular, control of political and social institutions in a society (Separate religion from political and social aspects of the society ex: school, health) Not religious (church doesn’t have as much power anymore) Philosophy that separates the church and the government. -
Cooperatism
Co-ops (Working together to benefit the entire group)
Birth of different groups who favoured equality and collaboration (American Unions like the Knights of Labor, the Caisses populaires, Catholic Union of Cultivators). -
Fascism
The idea that a dictator (single person) should control the entire country and that one ethnicity is superior to all others. They normally rule through the use of propaganda/force. This was adopted in Spain and Italy, but brought to an extreme in Germany by the Nazi’s lead by Adolf Hitler. (Ex: Hitler) Use of propaganda and force, try to keep the society ignorant, get rid of anyone who poses a threat) -
Feminism
The act of women fighting for their rights and equality and eventually earning them. WWI – open things up for women. All the men were at war…women started working in factories and saw services as nurses. Results: women obtain the right to vote in Federal election (first only family to forces members 1917) then all in 1918. -
Aboriginalism
· Claims for ancestral rights and recognition of aboriginal identity through tradition culture (writings, language, music, education, etc.)
(Native Issues - Oka Crisis) -
Americanism
Americanism is when there was an emergence of American cultural trends like dance and music. American culture was spreading through media, films, radio, and television. To counter the American trends, the Church tried to spread ideas of traditional Catholic culture through music, media, and education. -
Neoliberalism
It is a new wave of liberalism that consists of even less government control. It advocattes the removal of state in several spheres of society and there is an active opposition of socialist groups wanting to maintain intervention of the state. It's wanting to make decisons without the government. For example, in the States medical care is privatised and in Canada, medical care is run through the government. Therefore, the US uses neoliberalism.
