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The Fugitive Slave Act was revised and in Washington, D.C., the slave trade was abolished. California entered the Union as a free state and a territorial government was created in Utah and New Mexico.
https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Compromise1850.html Lithograph
https://www.loc.gov/item/90716208/ -
The Kansas-Nebraska Act, introduced by Senator Stephen Douglas, allowed slavery in the territory north of 36 degree 30' latitude. Violence erupted between pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers after the bill was passed in Kansas.
https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/kansas.html Map
https://www.loc.gov/resource/g3701e.ct000604/ -
Frederick Douglass was a former slave until he escaped at the age of 20. He was a prominent abolitionist and an anti-slavery activist from 1838 to 1895.
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/frederick-douglass Image
https://www.loc.gov/item/2004671911/ -
John Brown was an abolitionist. He was well known for attacking and occupying Harper’s Ferry with 21 followers, which was set on fire. Later, he meant with Fredrick Douglass and they help free slaves. In the end, John Brown was executed.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1550.html Photo
http://www.blackpast.org/files/blackpast_images/John_Brown.jpg -
Abraham Lincoln takes oath of office as president of the United State. He replaced outgoing President James Buchanan to officially become the 16th president.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/33a.asp Portrait
https://www.loc.gov/item/2006677686/ -
Fort Sumter was now sitting on Confederate land after South Carolina's withdrawal from the Union. Fort Sumter under the Union, was running low on supplies so Lincoln sent provisions with unarmed troops. The Confederate troops under the command of General Beauregard and directed by Davis, fired over 3,000 shells at the fort and started the Civil War on April 12, 1861.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/33a.asp Engraving
https://www.loc.gov/item/2004677376/ -
The First battle of Bull Run, was the first major land battle of the Civil War which occurred on July 21, 1861. The Union soldiers retreated back to Washington D.C. and the Confederacy won their first battle.
http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run Map
https://www.loc.gov/item/gvhs01.vhs00060/ -
The Emancipation Proclamation, issued by President Lincoln, freed slaves to fight in the Civil War. Lincoln's true intentions were to have slave's leave the Confederacy and join the Union to deplete the Confederacy's labor force.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/lincoln-signs-emancipation-proclamation Original Emancipation Proclamation
https://www.loc.gov/item/scsm000921/ -
After 3 days of fighting, General Lee's hopes of victory ended with him withdrawing his Confederacy army after he lost over 28,000 men. The North celebrated their victory as this was a turning point in the Civil War for them.
http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-gettysburg Lithograph
https://www.loc.gov/item/2006681070/ -
Abraham Lincoln dedicated a speech for Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg during the Civil War. He started his well known speech with "Four score and seven years ago," and reminded the people of the soldier's sacrifice.
http://www.historynet.com/the-gettysburg-address Image
https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2003674448/resource/cph.3a05745/?sid=d5f6d9bb36058e56251953719d7c8acd -
Abraham Lincoln was re-elected as President of the United States. The Union used the slogan, "Don't change horses in the middle of a stream" to aid Lincoln in his election.
http://www.civilwar.org/hallowed-ground-magazine/fall-2014/the-election-of-1864.html Election day in New York
https://www.loc.gov/item/90708972/ -
The Freedmen's Bureau, established by Congress, helped slaves after the Civil War. The programs were set up to help build shelters and feed the slaves.
ttp://www.history.com/topics/black-history/freedmens-bureau Image
http://www.gannett-cdn.com/-mm-/dbde9f631256e4e255aaf3bc81487d3b39a7d02d/c=41-0-565-394&r=x408&c=540x405/local/-/media/2015/06/28/Wilmington/B9317894363Z.1_20150628202417_000_GKKB6VV4R.1-0.jpg -
Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered his army to Union General Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox. The war was not officially declared over until August 20, 1866 by President Andrew Johnson.
https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2015/spring/cw-surrenders.html Drawing
https://www.loc.gov/item/2016645655/ -
The Civil Rights Act of 1866 granted the same rights of white citizens to all who were born in the United States (with the exception of Native Americans) were declared citizens of the U.S.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/activism/ps_1866.html Newspaper image
http://images.rarenewspapers.com/ebayimgs/1.4.2012/image063.jpg -
The Ku Klux Klan, founded in 1866, was a social club of Confederate veterans who did not like the idea of allowing black slaves to be free. They were an invisible empire built in the South.
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_org_kkk.html Image
http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/sites/default/files/styles/article-gallery/public/m-1265.jpg?itok=9WAgMQkI -
Reconstruction Acts took place after the Civil War. The idea for the reconstruction was to bring the Union and Southern states together again.
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/recon/jb_recon_subj.html Map
http://images.slideplayer.com/25/7597246/slides/slide_11.jpg -
The 14th Amendment granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States and included former slaves. The amendment granted any person equal protection of the laws.
https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/14thamendment.html Image
http://www.socialstudiesforkids.com/graphics/14thamendment.jpg -
Ulysses S. Grant was elected as the 18th President of the United States in 1868. He was the former Union general during the Civil War. During his presidency, he protected the civil rights of freed slaves by limiting activities of the K.K.K.
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/ulysses-s-grant Photo
http://a3.files.biography.com/image/upload/c_fit,cs_srgb,dpr_1.0,h_1200,q_80,w_1200/MTE5NTU2MzE2MjM2Nzc2OTcx.jpg -
The 15th Amendment was adopted into the Constitution and granted African Americans males the right to vote.
http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/fifteenth-amendment Image
https://www.loc.gov/item/93510386/ -
The Jim Crow laws enforced the racial segregation and discrimination practiced after the Civil War against the African Americans. The Jim Crow laws were enforced after the end of the 1877 Reconstruction to the beginning of the Civil Rights movement in the 1950's.
https://www.britannica.com/event/Jim-Crow-law Image
http://abhmuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/voter-intimidtn-1876.jpg
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