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The Battle of Fort Sumter occurred on April 12-13, 1861. In the first shots of the battle, Jefferson chose to make the peaceful succession into a war. The fall of Fort sumter reunited the North and Virginia doesn't want to fight the South so they secede from the Union. Three more states secede and the border states stay in the Union. This battle is important because it was the first shots fired of the Civil War.
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The First Battle of Bull Run occurred on July 21, 1861. This battle marked the first land battle of the Civil War that was important. The Union sent 35,000 troops from Washington D.C. to the small river of Bull Run to get a Confederate force of 20,000 troops. This ended in a Confederate victory and is important because it is known as the first major land battle and the two armies that fought, it was their first time on the battlefield.
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The Battle of Ironclads occurred on March 9, 1862. It was between the U.S.S. Monitor and the C.S.S. Virginia to fight a draw off Hampton Roads in Virginia. Virginia sunk two Union ships and ran one off of the Hampton Roads. This battle was for the purpose of breaking the Union blockade of the southern ports. This battle is significant because it was the first combat in ironclad warships.
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The Battle of Shiloh occurred from April 6, 1862 to April 7, 1862. It was a battle on the Pittsburg land on the Tennessee River. The Union got more control over the Mississippi River Valley. The U.S. won this battle because 40,000 Confederates outnumbered. This battle was significant because it was fought to gain control over the Tennessee River.
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The Second Battle of Bull Run occurred from August 29, 1862 to August 30, 1862. On the Union side, Pope sent men to look for the confederates and attack them. On the Confederate side, Jackson forced Pope's men off the battlefield and just kept kicking them off. The Confederates ended up winning because Pope didn't join. This battle was significant because it made the Union want to move the war North.
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The Battle of Antietam occurred on September 17, 1862. The north succeeded stopping Lee's Confederate forces in Maryland. It was the bloodiest battle of the Civil War with 25,000 casualties. The Union ended claiming the victory of this battle after all the loss of men. This battle was significant because since the Union declared victory, Abraham Lincoln got to make the Emancipation Proclamation and free slaves.
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The Battle of Fredericksburg occurred from December 11, 1862 to December 15, 1862. The North wanted to cross the Rappahannock River and race to the capital of the South before Lee's army would stop them. If they were able to claim the land it would've ended the war. There was a unfortunate delay in their race to get there and the South realized what the were doing and put up barricades to stop the North. This battle was significant because if the North had won then the war would've ended.
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The Battle of Chancellorsville occurred from April 30, 1863 to May 6, 1863. The Confederates defeated the Union forces and General Jackson was killed by one their own men. Joseph Hooker tried to circle Lee's army, but Jackson's troops surprised the Union. This battle is significant because it is one of Robert Lee's greatest victories in the Civil War.
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The Battle of Vicksburg occurred from May 18, 1863 to July 4, 1863. Ulysses S. Grant, who was apart of the Union, wanted to take control over the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in half. It was against John C. Pemberton, who was apart of the Confederacy and was won by the Union because of their successful campaigns. This battle is significant because it was one of the most vital victories of the Civil War.
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The Battle of Brandy Station occurred on June 9, 1863. Robert E. Lee decided to do a second invasion on the North in Virginia. 21,000 soldiers fought in the battle and the target of the south was to make a path to D.C. and win a victory there. The south did win, but it gave away the surprise invasion. This battle was significant because it is the largest cavalry battle ever fought in North America.
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The Battle of Gettysburg occurred from July 1, 1863 to July 3, 1863. It took place in Pennsylvania and was named after the town of the battlefield. The Union General by the name of George G. Meade had an army of 90,000 men against the Confederate General by the name of Robert E. Lee's army of 75,000. The Union declared a victory as they had much more strength in the number of men. This battle is significant because of its large amount of men, lots of casualties, and the location in the north.
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Sherman's March to the Sea occurred on December 21, 1864. The Union military campaign led by William T. Sherman through these months with Savannah as their objective. Sherman had used a policy to end the south's will to fight. He had 60,000 northern troops destroy everything in their path and concluded with a Union victory. This was significant because it was a railway center and they wanted to destroy their supply line of using it.
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The Battle of Appomattox occurred on April 9, 1865. The south's goal of the battle was to leave Richmond and travel to North Carolina where they would meet with the other Confederate troops. The north however won the battle and Lee surrendered. This was significant because it ended the Civil War and surrendered the south and gave the Union a strong victory.
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