-
Abraham Lincoln makes a speech at Cooper Union in the city of New York that is largely responsible for his election to the Presidency.
-
Congress accepts Pre-emption Bill: free land in West for colonists
-
Pony Express began between St Joseph Mo & Sacramento Calif
-
1st Pony Express reaches Sacramento Calif
-
Chicago: Republican convention selects Abraham Lincoln candidate
-
Republican Party nominates Abraham Lincoln for president
-
Workmen start laying track for Market Street Railroad, SF
-
Telegraph line between LA & SF opens
-
Abraham Lincoln is elected the 16th president of the United States
-
South Carolina votes 169-0 for Ordinace of Secession, 1st state to secede
-
Georgia joins South Carolina, Florida, Mississippi, and Alabama in seceding from the United States.
-
American Civil War: Tennessee secedes from the Union.
-
Fort Sumter, SC is shelled by Confederacy, starting Civil War
-
Lincoln orders blockade of Confederate ports (Civil War)
-
Kentucky proclaims its neutrality in Civil War
-
1st skirmish in Civil War, Fairfax Court House, Va
-
British territorial waters & ports off-limits during Civil War. Britian is now cutt off from the South and their source of cotton, and other products. this will cause Britian to go India.
-
American Civil War: Tennessee secedes from the Union.
-
1st major battle of Civil War ends (Bull Run), Va-South wins
-
American Civil War: The Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War is established by the U.S. Congress.
-
Samuel Colt, American inventor (6 shot revolver), dies at 47
-
New Orleans fell to Union forces during Civil War
-
Civil War action at Island #10 on Mississippi River
-
Florence Bascom, US, 1st American woman PhD born. Florence Bascom was the first woman hired by the United States Geological Survey. She was of Huguenot and Basque ancestry. She was born in Williamstown, Massachusetts on the 14th July 1862
-
Ida Bell Wells-Barnett [Iola], US civil rights activist was born. A daughter of slaves, Ida B. Wells-Barnett was born in Holly Springs, Mississippi, on July 16, 1862. She was a journalist who led an antilynching crusade in the United States in the 1890s and went on to found and become integral in groups striving for justice for African Americans.
-
Oliver Tilden, of the Bronx, killed in Civil War in Virginia. He was a Union General, and he is now famous for his honorable death. there is even a camp named after him
-
Battle of Antietam, bloodiest day in Civil War (Sharpsburg Md), 23, 110 die
-
American Civil War: The Allegheny Arsenal explosion results in the single largest civilian disaster during the war.
-
First Battle of Newtonia (American Civil War), Newton County, Missouri
-
James Madison Porter, American politician died. Porter was president of two railroad companies for some time, the Delaware, Lehigh, Schuylkill and Susquehanna Railroad Company from 1847 to 1856 as well as the Belvidere Delaware Railroad. He died in Easton, Pennsylvania on November 11, 1862. He is buried with his wife, Eliza, who died on March 2, 1866, in Easton Cemetery in Easton, Pennsylvania.
-
American Civil War: Second Battle of Springfield. The Second Battle of Springfield was a battle in the American Civil War fought January 8, 1863, in Springfield, Missouri. It is sometimes known as The Battle of Springfield. (The First Battle of Springfield was fought on October 25, 1861, and there was also the better-known Battle of Wilson's Creek, fought nearby on August 10, 1861.) Fighting was urban and house-to-house, which was rare in the war.
-
Civil War skirmish near Newtown, Virginia. The Battle of Newton's Station was an engagement on April 24, 1863, in Newton's Station, Mississippi, during Grierson's Raid of the American Civil War.Union cavalry raiders under the command of Col. Benjamin Grierson, in an effort to disrupt Confederate communications, probed deep in enemy territory and entered the town of Newton's Station (now Newton).
-
American Civil War: Massachusetts Governor receives permission from Secretary of War to raise a militia organization for men of African descent.
-
1st black Civil War regiment, SC Volunteers, mustered into US army
-
The Battle of Jackson takes place. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston received a dispatch from the Confederate Secretary of War directing him to “proceed at once to Mississippi and take chief command of the forces in the field.” The fall of the former Mississippi state capital was a blow to Confederate morale.
-
1st black regiment (54 Mass) leaves Boston to fight in Civil War
-
the beginning of Gettyburg (picket's charge). this was the start of the bloodyest 3 day battle in history. the union would out man the confederates by 1500 men and have more supplies.
-
Union won at Gettysburg and the Seige of Vicksburg. these were the turning points of th civil war
-
Tennessee's "military" Governor Andrew Johnson frees his personal slaves. During the early 20th century, the day was celebrated by blacks in Tennessee as a holiday.
-
The last major Confederate victory of the Confederates after Gettysburg. Both armies suffered very heavy casualties at Chickamauga. Bragg was clearly overwhelmed by the massive losses suffered by his own army and reported even higher casualties that he actually suffered (up to 40% in his infantry). The next day (21 September) he had a very good chance to finish his victory. Thomas had formed a new line around Rossville, but his army was in a terrible state, with some units already at Chattanooga
-
President Lincoln appointed Grant became general in chief of the North. Grant then appointed General William T. Sherman to command the Western armies, while General George G. Meade remained the command of the armies of the East.
-
William T. Sherman left Tennessee with 100,000 troops. He marched to Atlanta, Georgia. He ten marched from Atlanta to the Atlantic Ocean. During this 300 mile march Sherman's soldiers burned and destroyed everything in a width of 60 miles.
-
This was the first in a series of battles that took place in the woods of near Chancellorsville, Virginia. The first Union attack was made in an area about 50 miles from Richmond. Fires trapped both Confederate and Union soldiers in the blazing woods. The Union gained little and lost much in casualties.
-
Grant kept moving toward Lee's army after Spotsylvania. They fought the Southern army at Cold Harbor in an advance upon Richmond. After many casualties the Union army called off the attack.
-
After leaving Cold Harbor Grant headed for Petersburg, 20 miles south of Richmond, the Confederate capital.This was the beginning of a nine month siege with Grant's men surrounding Lee's army. Petersburg did not fall until the end of the war.
-
Farragut won the Battle of Mobile Bay. This closed the last Confederate Gulf port.
-
Northern troops under Sherman captured Atlanta after a forty-day siege of the city. Atlanta was an important victory because it was one of the most important railroad junctions in the Confederacy. Sherman burned much of the city on November 15 before leaving to begin his march to the sea.
-
Sheridan led his troops on a rampage of destruction in the Shenandoah Valley.
-
Lincoln was reelected President for a second term.
-
Schofield's Union forces inflicted heavy losses on Hood in the Battle of Franklin.
-
On this day in history congress passes 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery in America
-
Lee became general in chief of the South.
-
Columbia SC burns down during Civil War
-
General Grant and General Meade's Army moved to the south of Richmond. During the winter of 1864-65 the Union army attacked many times, but could not break through. After nine months General Lee was forced to retreat toward Lynchburg giving up both Petersburg and Richmond. The Confederate burned Richmond before leaving to keep the Union from getting equipment and supplies.
-
General Lee surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia. Confederate soldiers were allowed to keep their belongings including pistols and horses and could return home.
-
On Good Friday, April 14 Lincoln was assassinated. He was attending a performance at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D. C. The assassin was and actor named John Wilkes Booth. After twelve days of running Booth was fatally shot.After a manhunt for the eight conspirators four were hanged and the four others were imprisoned.
-
Johnston surrendered to Sherman.
-
Jefferson Davis was captured near Georgia.
-
Last land action of Civil war at Palmito Ranch, Texas
-
CSS Shenandoah is the last Confederate combat unit to surrender after circumnavigating the globe on its cruise that sank or captured 37 vessels
-
New Freedman's Bureau bill passed by Congress. President Andrew Johnson vetoes the bill that authorized military trial for those accused of "depriving Negroes of the Civil Rights" on the same day
-
President Johnson vetos the Civil Rights Act of 1866 on the grounds that it was unconstitutional
-
The United States declares that a state of peace exists with Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia. this was all to untie the nation during the reconstruction period
-
Congress passed the Civil Rights Act during the Reconstruction time period, this was to prevent states from enacting black codes after overriding the Pres vetos
-
Radical republicans won numerous seats in Congress. Through this, they used their power in numbers to take control of the reconstruction
-
American Equal Rights Association forms. this organization will try to fight for equal rights between races and genders (especially blacks during this time period).
-
The Ku Klux Klan was formed. They were made to opress blacks and support white supremecy. The clan was formed by whites and they used acts of violence to show their power
-
Pres Johnson vetoes civil rights bill; it later becomes 14th amendment. This amendment will give blacks civil rights.
-
David Faragut appointed as 1st admiral of US Navy. he is the 1st Afrrican American to get a high rank in government or military. Integration and equality is beginning to start, but some are not happy about it.
-
Pres Andrew Johnson formally declares Civil War over
-
Congress passed this act during the reconstruction era of the united states. this act declared that the state governments created under Lincoln and Johnson were invalid and gave congress responsibility of reconstruction rather than the president. this would give power to the southern states and attmept to give equality for African Americans
-
This act prevents the President from removing civil officers. An account of the Act which, when violated by Andrew Johnson, nearly led to the impeachment of the President.
-
alaska would be purchased from Alexander II for $7.2 million by United States Secretary of State William H. Seward. This would make up the 49th state of America, and would be the first non-main land state of America. many people called this "Seward's Folly".
-
A Sioux and Cheyenne war party kills U.S. Second Lieutenant Lyman Kidder, along with an Indian scout and ten enlisted men in Kansas
-
1st US dental school, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, established. this wouls change how people clean their teeth and lower mouth diseases, like gingavitus and the screvies.
-
Pres A Johnson defies Congress suspending Sec of War Edwin Stanton. Which defys the Tenture Act. this will be one of teh reasons why more trouble will be heading Johnson's way of presidency
-
Madame Marie Sklodowska Curie, who discovered radium was born on this day. this discovery will revolutionise nuclear weapons by its radioactivity.
-
US Congress commission looks into "impeachment" of Pres Andrew Johnson. Because of defying of the tenture act and vetoing several bills, congress will start to think of impeaching Johnson. he is the first oresident to have to go through the process of impeachment.
-
In a New York City theater, British author Charles Dickens gives his first public reading in the United States at the anniversary festival of the Literary Fund
-
United States claims Midway Island, the first territory annexed outside Continental limits.
