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He started out in shipping, bought his first ferry boat when he was 16. He had a large fleet, but he sold it and invested in railroad.
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Civil War
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Reunite South (Nation)
Rebuilding South - Infrastructure - Economy
Protect Freedmen - Civil Rights -
Lincoln's Assassination occurred in a theater booth, where he was shot by John Wilkes Booth.
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Act where Congress went through the process of admitting the South into the Union. Measures included:
-The South was divided into 5 military districts until state constitutions were approved by Congress.
-All males, except Confederate leaders, were allowed to participate in state Constitutional Conventions.
-States were required to ratify the 14th Amendment.
-States were required to provide suffrage for men of all color. -
The hands-off government in economics
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John D. Rockefeller founded the Standard Oil Company in 1870.
By 1880, Rockefeller had a 90% monopoly. He was also the nation's first billionaire. -
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Natural Resources, Capital, Labor, Technology, Consumers, Transportation, Government Cooperation.
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Women and children made up more than 50% of the industrial workforce in the 1880s.
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Old Immigrants came before 1880, from Northern and Western Europe, and New Immigrants came after 1880, from Southern and Eastern Europe. This lead to an extensive labor pool.
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One man could harvest 135 acres of farmland a day.
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Andrew Carnegie entered the steel business in 1887, where he controlled 25% of U.S. steel production. He eventually sold his steel business to J.P. Morgan in 1901.
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By 1890, the frontier officially closed. There was no more free land to be given to those who traveled west.
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By 1890 there were 4,000 millionaires.
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The Progressive Era begins in 1890 and, arguably, ended in 1920.
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The Populist Party was founded in 1891, and they had a presidential candidate named William Jennings Bryan.
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Built Railroads and became rich off of them.
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20 million Americans live in poverty.
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Was an accountant, became a banker. Eventually became an organizer of major companies like GE and AT&T. Bought Carnegie Steel in 1901 and renamed it U.S. Steel
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The Socialist Party was founded in 1901 by Eugene V. Debs.
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She was a muckraker and fought for children's rights.
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The Jungle was made on November 4, 1905. Other muckrakers include Ida Tarbell, Jacob Riis, and Lincoln Steffens.
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The Bull Moose Party was made in 1912 by Theodore Roosevelt.
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The assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Russian mobilization, Germany declaring war.
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The Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire.
The Allied Powers: Britain, France, Russia, Italy, U.S. -
The assassination of Franz Ferdinand by Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian who was in the organization called the Black Hand. The Black Hand supported Serbian Nationalism.
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Mustard Gas was developed. It stays low to the ground, forces soldiers out of trenches. Tanks were developed to drive through "No Man's Land." Airplanes were developed to observe and attack from above, airplanes fought in the air. Machine guns were also developed to fire with little reloading.
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10 ft deep trenches. Soldiers protected from gunfire inside a trench. Barbed wire in front of the trench, everyone needed to be ready for an attack. Very little territory changes. No Man's Land in between enemy trenches.
