Civil War Battles

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    Fort Sumpter

    • Charleston Harbor, South Carolina & the battle lasted 34 hrs
    • Commanders- Confederate// P.G.T. Beauregard_ Union// Major Anderson
    • [Soldiers] Confederate- 500 & Union- 80
    • Confederate won; also had more men and more ammunition
    • Union lost; had little food, low on ammunition, and less men
    • Both used the strategy of open fire
    • No soldiers died in this battle
  • Bull Run

    • Fair Fax County & Prince William County, Virginia
    • Commanders- Confederate// Joseph E. Johnston& P.G.T. Beauregard _ Union// Irvin McDowell
    • [Soldiers] Confederate- 32,230 & Union- 28,450
    • Confederate Won; also had more men and two commanders
    • Union lost; not as many soldiers
    • Both used the strategy flanking
    • 4,878 deaths
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    Monitor vs. Merrimack (Hampton Roads)

    •No clear winner
    •Commanders- Union: John L. Warden& Confederate: Franklin Buchanan
    •Soldiers- Union: 1,400\ Confederate: 188
    •Strategies\South: rebuild the Merrimack into an ironclad warship& take down three northern ships. North: build an ironclad ship called the Monitor& keep the South from sinking their ships
    •Adv. & Disadv.\ Merrimack: made of iron& hard to destroy; big and hard to move\ Monitor:smaller& quicker; smaller than Merrimack
    •Starting point of true Navy ships
    •393 deaths
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    Richmond

    • Madison County, Kentucky
    • Commanders- Confederate// E. Kirby Smith; Union// William Nelson
    • Altogether deaths- 5,650
    • Confederate won
    • Adv.& Disadv.- Union: 4,000 of their were captured; Confederate: Captured 4,000 Yankees making it easier to beat the Union
    • Significance- More& more soldiers joined each sideas the day went on& the Union had about 4,900 deaths
    • Strategy: Confederate- to capture lots of Unions troops; Union- rallied troops in the cemetery outside, but were routed
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    Antietam

    • Sharpsburg, Maryland & counterattack so moved across Millers Cornfield and the West Woods
    • Commanders- Confederate// Robert E. Lee_ Union// George B. McClellan
    • [Soldiers] Union- 87,000 & Confederate 45,000
    • This battle had no clear winner;
    • [Advantages& Disadvantages] Confederate army was fighting on the defensive side; Union army had to fight on the offensive side
    • Their strategies are counterattacking
    • 22,717 deaths
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    Fredericksburg

    • Fredericksburg, Virginia
    • Commanders- Confederate// Robert E. Lee_ Union// Ambrose E. Burnside
    • [Soldiers] Union- 100,007 & Confederate- 72,497
    • Confederate won;
    • [Advantages& Disadvantages] Confederate army's commander was smart and more experienced; Union had more men but still lost;
    • [Strategies] Union: to crush Lee's southern flank on Prospect Hill; Confederate: Stonewall Jackson counterattacked and killed lots of Union men
    • 17,929 deaths
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    Vicksburg

    • Warren County, Mississippi
    • Commanders- Confederate// John C. Pemberton_ Union// Ulysses S. Grant
    •[Soldiers] Confederate- 33,000 & Union- 77,000
    • Union won; had more soldiers
    • Confederate lost; were outnumbered but had a big terrain around Vicksburg
    • Strategies- Union: Get to Bruinsburg& get rid of the threat by Johnston, then move into Vicksburg; Confederate: planned to attack at Bruinsburg but were destroyed by Grant before they got the chance
    • Significance- 37,402 deaths
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    Gettysburg; Adams County, Pennsylvania

    •Union victory
    •Commanders\ Union: George G. Meade \Confederate: Robert E. Lee
    •Soldiers\ Union: 93,921 \Confederate: 71,699
    •Confederate strategies:collect supplies from PA farmlands& take fighting away from Virginia; Lee wanted to win a major battle on Northern soil& strengthen the peace movement in the north.

    •Union strategies:move northward& keep his army between Lee& D.C.
    •Advantage:Union had more soldiers& got to fight on a hill
    •Disadvantage:Confederate had less men
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    Sherman's March to the Sea

    • From Atlanta to Savannah
    • Union: William T. Sherman
    • Troops- 62,000; split troops into two groups& marched them from Georga to Savannah and attack houses, plantations, and cities along the way.
    • Strategies- To use psychological warfare against civilians and tried to make them realize their Confederate army couldn't protect them
    • Advantages- He was able to ruin the civilians beliefs in their Confederate army by getting into their heads
    • It was the victory that ended the Civil War