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The Confederate attack on Fort Sumter occurred from April 12-14, 1861 and was the bombardment and surrender of Fort Sumter, South Carolina by the Confederates. It is considered the start of the American Civil War
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The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Lincoln on January 1, 1863 and it declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states (Confederate states) "are, and henceforward shall be free."
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The Battle of Gettysburg was considered the bloodiest battle of the Civil War and was a turning point for the Union. General Lee's attempts to invade the North were trumped by the Union army and General Grant.
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The 13th amendment was passed by Congress on January 31 and formally abolished slavery in the United States.
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On April 9, 1865, General Lee of the Confederates surrendered to General Grant of the Union at Appomattox Court House.
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On April 14, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated while watching a play with his wife at Ford's theatre in Washington D.C. by John Wilkes Booth.