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The 13th Amendment
The House of Representatives passed a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery. It read, “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.” -
The 14th Amendment
Granted citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States,” which included former slaves recently freed. -
The 15th Amendment
the constitutional amendment passed after the Civil War that guaranteed blacks the right to vote. This amendment affected not only freed slaves in the South, but also blacks living in the North, who generally had not been allowed to vote -
Plessey v. Ferguson
The Supreme Court ruled that the separation of races in public accommodations was legal and did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment, thus establishing the “separate but equal” doctrine -
The 19th Amendment
Guaranteed all women the right to vote -
Executive order of 1948
Executive order 9981 issued on July 26, 1948 by U.S President, Harry S. Truman. It abolished racial segregation in the armed forces -
Brown v. Board of Education
Case in which the Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” education for black and white students was unconstitutional -
Rosa Parks refuses to give up her bus seat
Parks' civil disobedience sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott. She’s an important symbol of the modern Civil Rights Movement and Parks organized and collaborated with civil rights leaders, including leader Martin Luther King Jr. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Protest campaign that started in 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama. This opposed the city's policy of racial segregation on its public transit system. Sparked after Rosa Parks refused to give up her bus seat in 1955. ended in 1956 -
Civil Rights act of 1957
established federal commission on Civil Rights, a Civil Rights Division in the Justice Department to enforce civil rights laws, and enlarged federal power to protect voting rights -
The 24th Amendment
prohibits both Congress and the states from conditioning the right to vote in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
A law that banned discrimination on the basis of race, sex, national origin, or religion in public places and most workplaces -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
eliminated voter literacy tests and enabled federal examiners to register voters -
Civil Rights Act of 1968
A law that banned discrimination in housing
