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De jure segregation
De jure segregation was when laws kept Black and white people separate in places like schools and buses, mainly in the South, limiting their rights, like voting, and giving white people most of the power.
Black children had fewer resources in schools and were treated differently in many areas of life. They also had lower-paying jobs and couldn't live in certain neighborhoods. Although segregation ended with laws like the Civil Rights Act of 1964, its effects still affect people today. -
Scottsboro boys
The Scottsboro Boys were 9 African American teens falsely acused of raping two white women in 1931. Their trial showed how unfair the justice system was to Black people, especially in the South. Many people including civil rights groups, fought for them, and their case helped bring attention to racism and injustice. Although the boys didn’t get full justice right away, their story helped start the fight for equal rights for African Americans and played a big role in the Civil Rights Movement. -
Executive order 9981
Executive Order 9981, signed by President Truman in 1948, ended segreagation in the U.S. military, meaning Black and white soldiers could serve together. This was an important step for fairness and equal treatmant. While it didn’t immediately fix all problems, it helped inspire future changes in schools, jobs, and the law. It showed that the government could help fight unfairness, even though it took time for everyone to be treated equally in all parts of life. -
Emmett till murder
The murder of Emmett Till in 1955 shocked everyone and helped start the Civil Rights Movement. His mother had an open-casket funeral, showing how badly he was hurt, which made people realize how terrible racism was. This made leaders like Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr. fight for change. Even though it didn’t fix everything right away, it helped lead to important laws like the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Till’s death helped make people want a fairer and equal world. -
Montgomery bus boycott
The Montgomery Bus Boycott lead by Rosa Parks happened in 1955 when African Americans refused to ride the city buses because they were treated unfairly. They were forced to sit in the back. It helped stop bus segregation and made leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. famous. It also made people think more about racism. Even though it didn’t fix everything, it inspired other actions that led to fairer laws and more equal treatment, but there were still many problems to solve. -
Little Rock nine
The Little Rock Nine were nine African American students who went to a white school in 1957 to fight against segregation. The president had to send soldiers to make sure they were safe. This helped show how important it was to end racism in schools. It inspired other people to stand up for their rights, but there was still a lot of hate and unfairness. While going to school together helped, African Americans still faced challenges in jobs and money. The Little Rock Nine made a big change -
SNCC
The SNCC was a group of young people who worked to end segregation and fight for civil rights. They organized protests and sit-ins, like the Freedom Rides, to challenge unfair laws. They helped pass the Voting Rights Act in 1965, which allowed more African Americans to vote. They also inspired other kids to stand up against racism. Even though they made big changes, African Americans still had trouble getting good jobs and fair pay. So, while SNCC made progress, full equality took more time. -
De facto segregation
De facto segregation kept Black and white people separated in schools, neighborshoods, and jobs, even though there were no laws saying they had to be. This made it harder for Black people to have equal power, good education, and jobs. Even though laws changed, like the Civil Rights Act, segregation still affected people’s lives for a long time. It meant that full equality wasn’t reached because there were still unfair rules in housing and work -
Greensboro sit-in
The Greensboro Sit-In in 1960 was when four students sat at a lunch counter that didn’t serve Black people. Their peaceful protest inspired many others to do the same, helping to end segregation in public places. It led to laws like the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It made people think more about racism and got kids involved in the fight for equality. Businesses had to change, but Black people still faced unfairness in jobs and money. Full equality took time and continued to be a struggle. -
Freedom riders
The Freedom Riders were brave people who rode buses through the South in 1961 to challenge segregation. Their actions helped lead to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. They made people see how unfair racism was and inspired more protests for equality. Though they opened up more chances for Black people in public places, they still faced unfair treatment in jobs and pay. The Freedom Riders made a big impact on ending segregation. -
Birmingham march
The Children’s Crusade in 1963 had kids marching against segregation in Birmingham. Even though they faced police violence, their bravery got lots of attention and helped lead to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which stopped discrimination in public places and jobs. It made people think more about racism and inspired more protests, but segregation still affected schools and communities. It helped open more jobs for Black people, but there was still unfair treatment in jobs and pay. -
March on Washington
The March on Washington lead by Martin L.K. in 1963 had over 250,000 people asking for civil rights, jobs, and freedom. It helped lead to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, which banned discrimination in jobs, schools, and public places. The march showed how people of all races could come together for equality, and it made many people think differently about racism. It also pushed for more jobs for African Americans. -
Civil rights act
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in schools, jobs, and public places. It helped end segregation in schools, resturants, and other areas, giving African Americans more acess to services. The law also stopped job discrimination and increased African American political participation. However, racism still existed, and economic inequality remained, with African Americans facing lower wages and fewer opportunities. -
Selma march
The Selma March in 1965 was super important for the Civil Rights Movement. People marched to fight for the right to vote, which led to the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This law made it easier for African Americans to vote and have a say in politics. The march also showed how unfair and violent things were in the South, which made more people want to help. Even though the march helped with voting rights, it didn’t fix all the problems, like job and pay equality. -
Black panthers
The Black Panther Party started in 1966 to help Black people fight unfaire treatment, especilly from the police. They made free programs like giving kids breakfast and offering medical help in poor areas. They also wanted equal rights for Black people and stood up for themselves. Even though the goverment tried to stop them, they helped people see how unfair things were. The Black Panthers made a big impact, and their work inspired future groups like Black Lives Matter.