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the theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings, and that psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavior patterns.
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established hospitals, made low-interest mortgages available and granted stipends covering tuition and expenses for veterans attending college or trade schools.
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elevated birthrate, unparalleled in American history, added more than 50 million babies by the end of the 1950's.
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practice of assigning and transporting students to schools within or outside their local school districts in an effort to reduce the racial segregation in schools.
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landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that American state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality.
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provided federal funding to “insure trained manpower of sufficient quality and quantity to meet the national defense needs of the United States.”
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sales of computers in the hundreds of millions, with their diffusion throughout society making an impact on the same scale as that of the automobile, television, or the telephone.
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to expose the American public to the injustice of racial inequality and to persuade them to stop discriminating on the basis of race.
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outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
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brought education into the forefront of the national assault on poverty and represented a landmark commitment to equal access to quality education
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provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and families.
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the teaching of academic content in two languages, in a native and second language.
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reaction against the personal freedom movement of the 1970s, which emphasized drug use and sexual freedom, symbolized by the culture of the "hippies."
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federal law that states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance."
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to support states and localities in protecting the rights of, meeting the individual needs of, and improving the results for Hector and other infants, toddlers, children, and youth with disabilities and their families
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america's educational system was failing to educate students well.
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IBM helped create a network of supercomputer centers dubbed NSFNET (the National Science Foundation Network), one of the first networks to use TCP/IP.
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The council was created for the purpose of providing “advice on the desirability and feasibility of national standards and testing in education.” NCEST had 32 members, most of whom were appointed by the Secretary of Education.
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The Act provides resources to states and communities to ensure that all students reach their full potential.
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provide students with a context for studying traditional academics and learning the skills specific to a career, and provide U.S. schools with a structure for organizing or restructuring curriculum offerings and focusing class make-up by a common theme such as interest.
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19 members of a terrorist group called al-Qaeda hijacked four U.S. airplanes and used them to strike various targets on the East Coast. The carefully planned attacks killed nearly 3,000 people, making it the worst attack on the United States in history.
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a U.S. Act of Congress that reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; it included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students. To receive federal school funding, states had to give these assessments to all students at select grade levels.